この子供は尿路感染症ですか?
Nader Shaikh1, Natalia E Morone, John Lopez
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. nader.shaikh@chp.edu
JAMA
|December 27, 2007
まとめ
小児性尿路感染症 (UTI) の正確な診断は極めて重要です. 発熱や痛みなどの個々の症状は診断に役立ちますが,結果の組み合わせは,小児の尿路感染症を特定するのにより信頼性があります.
科学分野:
- 小児腎臓病理学について
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 診断の精度 診断の精度
背景:
- 尿路感染症 (UTI) は子供に多く見られ,治療しないと永久的な腎臓損傷を引き起こす可能性があります.
- 小児性尿路感染症の正確かつ適時な診断は,腎臓損傷の予防に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 乳児および小児における尿路感染症を特定するための様々な徴候および症状の診断の正確性を体系的に検討する.
- 尿路感染症の診断における個々のおよび組み合わせた臨床発見の有用性を評価する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINEとEMBASEのデータベース (1966年−2007年) の包括的な文献検索を行い,資料集の手動レビュー,以前の体系的レビュー,教科書,専門家による相談などで補足した.
- 含有基準は,18歳未満の子供における尿路感染症の徴候や症状を報告した研究に焦点を当てた.
- データ抽出と品質評価は,2人の評価者によって独立して行われました.
主要な成果:
- 乳児では,高熱>40°C,尿路感染症の歴,上部痛みが有意な指標でした. 割礼の欠如は,男性における尿路感染症の可能性を高めました.
- 症状の組み合わせ,例えば別の原因のない長時間発熱は,個々の症状と比較して診断の正確性を向上させます.
- 言語の子どもでは,腹痛,腰痛,不尿症,排尿頻度,および新発の尿失禁が,尿道感染症の可能性の増加と関連していました.
結論:
- 個々の徴候と症状は小児性尿路感染症の診断価値はあるが,決定的な正確性は欠けている.
- 複数の臨床的発見を組み合わせることで,尿路感染症の確率が低い子どもを効果的に特定し,臨床的意思決定を助けることができます.
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