表皮成長因子遺伝子の機能的多形態化と肝硬変患者の肝細胞癌のリスク
Kenneth K Tanabe1, Antoinette Lemoine, Dianne M Finkelstein
1Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114-2696, USA. ktanabe@partners.org
JAMA
|January 3, 2008
まとめ
特定の表皮生長因子 (EGF) 遺伝子の多形態化は,肝硬変患者のEGFレベルを上昇させることにより,肝細胞がんのリスクを高めます. この遺伝的リンクは,肝がんの発症の重要な要因を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学とゲノミクス
- 肝臓病理学 肝臓病理学
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- 肝臓における表皮成長因子 (EGF) の過剰発現は,動物モデルにおける肝細胞癌 (HCC) の発症と関連しています.
- EGF遺伝子内の単核酸多形態 (SNP) は,循環するEGFレベルに影響を与え,HCCリスクに潜在的に影響を与える可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- EGF遺伝子ポリモルフィズム,EGF発現レベル,およびヒトでHCCを発症するリスクとの関連を調査する.
- EGF遺伝子変異がEGF発現およびその後のHCC発現に影響を与える分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- EGF 61*G アレルポリモルフィズムがHCC細胞系とヒト肝臓組織におけるEGF発現に及ぼす分子メカニズムを調べた.
- 肝硬変患者の2つのケース・コントロール研究 (マサチューセッツ総合病院とポール・ブルース病院) を実施しました.
- 遺伝子型とロジスティック回帰分析のための制限断片長ポリモルフィズムを使用し,EGFポリモルフィズムに関連したHCCリスクを評価しました.
主要な成果:
- EGF 61*Gアレルは,トランスクリプト半減期が長くなり,61*Aアレルと比較して,EGFの分泌量が大幅に増加しました.
- G/Gゲノタイプの患者は,A/Aゲノタイプの患者よりも,血清と肝臓のEGF濃度が大幅に高かった.
- G/G患者ではA/A患者と比較してHCCの確率が4倍増加することが観察され,これは別のコホートで検証された結果である.
結論:
- この研究は,EGFの特定の遺伝子ポリモルフィズム (61*Gアレル) と,肝硬変患者のHCCのリスクの増加との間の有意な関連性を確認しています.
- この関連性は,EGF発現レベルを調節するポリモルフィズムの影響によって媒介され,肝がん発生におけるEGFの役割を強調しています.
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