世界の人口の高齢化が加速しつつある
Wolfgang Lutz1, Warren Sanderson, Sergei Scherbov
1World Population Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. lutz@iiasa.ac.at
Nature
|January 22, 2008
まとめ
世界の人口の高齢化は加速しており,平均年齢は著しく上昇しています. しかし,平均寿命の伸びを考慮すると,高齢化のペースは著しく減速し,特に北米のような地域で減速する.
科学分野:
- デモグラフィー デモグラフィー 人口統計
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 人口研究 人口研究
背景:
- 人口の高齢化は,生育率の低下と寿命の伸びによって引き起こされる世界的な現象です.
- 人口高齢化の速度と軌道を理解することは,政策立案において極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 標準的および長寿調整メトリックを使用して,人口高齢化の速度をグローバルおよび地域的に測定および比較します.
- 人口高齢化指標とその関連不確実性の将来の傾向を予測する.
主な方法:
- 将来の人口動態の変化を評価するために,確率的な人口予測を利用した.
- 世界と13の主要地域における従来の平均年齢と寿命に調整された平均年齢を計算した.
- 人口高齢化速度の傾向とその地域的変動を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 世界の平均年齢は大幅に増加すると予測されていますが,調整された平均年齢は,長寿の増加を考慮すると,より遅い上昇を示しています.
- 人口の高齢化パターンの地域差は顕著で,北米は独特の傾向を示している.
- 人口高齢化のスピードは,今後数十年で増加すると予想され,世紀半ばまでにほとんどの地域で減速する.
結論:
- 人口の高齢化は,21世紀を通して継続的な世界的な傾向です.
- 平均寿命の変化に調整すると,人口高齢化動態のより微妙な理解が得られます.
- この研究は,将来の人口動態の変化とその影響を評価する際に,長寿の増加を考慮することの重要性を強調しています.
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