血液形成幹細胞の放出は,昼間振動によって調節される

Simón Méndez-Ferrer¹, Daniel Lucas, Michela Battista

¹Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.

Nature

|February 8, 2008

まとめ

循環する造血性幹細胞 (HSC) は,光と交感神経系の影響を受け,日々のリズムを示します. HSCのこの神経調節は,幹細胞のニッチ再生を支援する可能性があります.

科学分野:

血液学ヘマトロジ
クロノバイオロジークロノバイオロジー
幹細胞生物学幹細胞生物学

背景:

血液形成性幹細胞 (HSC) は血液中を循環するが,その生理学的流通を制御するメカニズムは不明である.
HSCの密輸を理解することは,幹細胞生物学と再生医療にとって極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

循環する血液形成性幹細胞 (HSC) の生理学的取引を制御するメカニズムを調査する.
HSCの動員における昼夜リズムと神経調節の役割を明らかにする.

主な方法:

マウスにおける循環中のHSCおよび祖先のモニタリング,様々な照明条件下 (安定状態,連続照明,ジェットラグ).
骨髄マイクロ環境におけるケモカインCXCL12発現の分析.
分子時計の遺伝子,交感神経系の活動,およびアドレネルギー信号伝達経路の調査.

主要な成果:

循環するHSCとプロジェネタは,光の開始後にピークがあり,暗闇後にナディールがあり,堅固な昼間波動を示します.
HSCの循環器の振動は,連続した光やジェットラグによって乱されます.
HSCの変動はCXCL12の発現と逆相関しており,共感性ノルアドレナリン分泌とβ-アドレナリン受容体のシグナル伝達を通じて分子時計によって調節されます.

結論:

動物の休息期間に,神経によって誘発される日中活動中のHSCの放出が起こります.
このメカニズムは,幹細胞のニッチと潜在的に他の組織の再生を促進する可能性があります.
交感神経系は,HSCの昼間取引を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.

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