光合成アルベオラートは,アピコンプレックス寄生虫と密接に関連しています
Robert B Moore1, Miroslav Oborník, Jan Janouskovec
1School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, Darlington, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
Nature
|February 22, 2008
まとめ
研究者らは,マラリアを引き起こすアピコンプレクサ寄生虫と密接に関連した新しい光合成生物を発見しました. この発見は,アピコプラストの進化とアピコンプレクサの寄生性の起源を研究するための新しいモデルを提供します.
科学分野:
- マリン・バイオロジー マリン・バイオロジー
- 寄生虫学とは,寄生虫学である.
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- プラズモディアム・ファルシパラムを含むアピコンプレクサ寄生虫は,非光合成性アピコプラストを持ち,抗マラリア薬の開発の重要なターゲットです.
- Apicomplexaの機能性,光合成性プラスティドを持つ近親者はこれまで特定されていません.
- アピコプラストの進化的起源を理解することは,新しい治療戦略の開発に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- アピコンプレックスと結びつける超構造的および系統遺伝的特性を備えた,新たに培養された生物を記述する.
- その光合成プラスティドの性質と進化的意義を調査する.
- アピコンプレックスにおける寄生虫の進化を研究するためのモデルシステムを確立する.
主な方法:
- 新栽培生物の超構造分析.
- プラスティドおよび核リボソームRNA遺伝子を用いた系統遺伝分析.
- トリプトファンのコドン使用を含むpsbA遺伝子の遺伝子解析.
主要な成果:
- Apicomplexa.に系統遺伝的に関連した新しいアルベオラート生物が培養されました.
- 生物は,クロロフィールAの染色体を持つ4つの膜に結合した光合成プラスティドを持っています.
- プラスティドは,トリプトファンのためのUGAコドンを利用し,コクシディアンアピコプラストとミトコンドリアと共有する特徴です.
結論:
- 発見された生物は,アピコンプレクサに最も近い既知の光合成の親類である.
- そのプラスティドは,寄生虫アピコンプレクサに存在するアピコプラストと共通の進化的起源を共有しています.
- この生物は,アピコプラストの進化と寄生虫への移行を調査するための貴重なモデルとして機能しています.
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