関連する実験動画
健康のための人材に関する政策オプションの効果: 体系的なレビューの分析
Mickey Chopra1, Salla Munro1, John N Lavis2
1Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 26, 2008
まとめ
政策立案者は,低所得国の医療従事者戦略に関するより多くの証拠を必要としています. 一般的な医療従事者は有望ですが,医療システムと労働者のパフォーマンスを改善するためにより多くの研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 医療政策とシステム研究 医療政策とシステム研究
- グローバル・ヘルス・ワークフォース・マネジメント
- 証拠に基づいた介入
背景:
- 低,中所得国の政策立案者は,医療従事者の供給,配分,およびパフォーマンス管理に関する課題に直面しています.
- 十分な,効果的な医療従事者の確保は,資源の限られた環境でのサービス提供に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 低所得国および中所得国の健康のための人材に関する政策オプションの有効性を特定し,評価する.
- 特定された政策オプションの公平性,スケーラビリティ,適用性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 複数のデータベース (Medline,Embase,Cochrane Library) の体系的な検索と専門家による相談.
- 医療従事者の訓練,配布,規制,資金調達,管理,組織,または業績に対する政策の影響を評価する体系的なレビューの含有.
- 2人の審査員による独立したレビューとデータ抽出,公平性,スケーラビリティ,適用性の評価.
主要な成果:
- 28の体系的レビューは,適格性基準を満たしており,低所得国や中所得国に焦点を当てたものはほとんどなく,質が低いものもありました.
- 証拠は主に組織機構 (タスクシフト,役割拡張),パフォーマンス向上 (質向上,教育),チームワーク,ワークフローの変更) に焦点を当てた.
- 一般的な医療従事者の採用は,様々な所得層において最も多くのレビューを受けた政策オプションとして浮上した.
結論:
- 低所得国および中所得国における医療人材政策の影響について,より体系的なレビューが必要である.
- 健康のための人材の計画と管理のための介入を評価するために,さらなる研究が必要です.
- 強化されたエビデンス・シンセシスと研究は,資源の限られた環境で政策立案者を支援するために不可欠です.
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