デンドリット細胞のPAR1-S1P3シグナリングカップルは,凝結と炎症をシグナリングする
Frank Niessen1, Florence Schaffner, Christian Furlan-Freguia
1Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Nature
|February 29, 2008
まとめ
セプシスの凝結と炎症は,タンパク質酵素活性化受容体1 (PAR1) とスフィンゴシン1リン酸受容体3 (S1P3) が, dendritic 細胞で信号を送っている. このクロストークを阻害すると,全身の炎症と致死率が低下します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
背景:
- 組織因子によって引き起こされる凝固は,セプシスのような全身性炎症反応症候群の鍵です.
- 凝固と炎症の関連性は完全に理解されていません.
- プロテアゼ活性化受容体1 (PAR1) 信号伝達は,致死性炎症反応に関与しています.
研究 の 目的:
- セプシスにおける凝固と炎症を結びつけるメカニズムを解明する.
- セプシス中の dendritic 細胞における PAR1 とスフィンゴシン 1 フォスファート (S1P) 信号伝達の役割を調査する.
- セプシス誘発の炎症と凝固の治療標的を特定する.
主な方法:
- 化学的および遺伝的探査機を使用して,PAR1とS1P受容体3 (S1P3) のシグナル伝達を dendritic 細胞で研究しました.
- トロンビンまたはPAR1シグナリングを阻害する影響を調査した.
- セプシスモデルにおける dendritic cell PAR1-S1P3のクロストークの役割を調べました.
主要な成果:
- PAR1のシグナル伝達は,敗血症における致死性炎症反応を維持し,これはトロビンまたはPAR1を阻害することによってブロックすることができます.
- デンドリット細胞のPAR1-S1P3のクロストークは,セプシスの炎症を増幅するために重要です.
- デンドリット細胞は,リンパ系内の凝固と炎症の交差点の中心的なハブとして機能します.
- dendritic cell PAR1-S1P3のシグナリングを妨害すると,リンパ節の炎症を隔離し,肺の炎症を軽減します.
結論:
- リンパ系における凝固によるデンドリット細胞の活性化は,全身の炎症とセプシスの致死性を促進する新しいメカニズムである.
- dendritic 細胞の PAR1-S1P3 軸をターゲットにすると,セプシスの潜在的な治療戦略を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Paracrine Signaling
Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
Inflammation
Overview
Paracrine Signaling
Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase
The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects
Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...


