心臓タンポネード患者における体積膨張の血液動力学的効果
Jaume Sagristà-Sauleda1, Juan Angel, Antonia Sambola
1Servei de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, P. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. jsagrist@vhebron.net
Circulation
|March 12, 2008
まとめ
ボリューム拡張は,心臓タンポネード患者の約半数の心臓の出力を改善することができます. 低収縮血圧は,液体の過負荷に対するこのポジティブな反応の重要な予測因子です.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- クリティカルケア・メディシン
背景:
- 心臓タンポネード管理には,体積膨張の有力な証拠がない.
- 液体の過剰負荷は,心臓タンポネードに対する提案されているが,まだ十分に研究されていない治療法です.
研究 の 目的:
- 心臓タンポネード患者の体積拡大療法の有効性を評価する.
- 心臓タンポネードにおける流体過負荷に対する好ましい血液動力学的反応の予測要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 心臓タンポネードを受けた49人の患者は,500mLの通常の塩分液で液体の過負荷を経験しました.
- 心臓指数と血圧を含む血液動力学的パラメータは,流体投与前と後に測定されました.
- 流体過負荷後,心周動脈集積術が行われました.
主要な成果:
- ボリュームの膨張により,平均動脈圧と心臓指数が有意に増加しました.
- また,心内循環,右心房,左心房の終末ダイアストリック圧力も著しく上昇した.
- 患者のほぼ半数 (47%) が心臓指数で10%以上の上昇を示し,低血圧 (<100 mm Hg) がこの反応を予測した.
結論:
- 容量の膨張は,約50%の心臓タンポネード患者において,血動力学的に有意義な効果をもたらす.
- 100mmHg未満のベースラインシストリック血圧は,液体の過負荷に対するポジティブな反応のシンプルで効果的な予測指標です.
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