幼鳥の歌う鳥の声のバババをするために特化した前脳回路
Dmitriy Aronov1, Aaron S Andalman, Michale S Fee
1McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 3, 2008
まとめ
幼鳥の歌う鳥は,独特の神経回路を使用してバババし,LMAN (ニドパリウムの横のマグノ細胞核) を必要とするが,HVC (高音声センター) は必要ない. これは,大人の歌唱回路とは異なるもので,運動システムの発達における一般的な原則を示唆している.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 動物の行動 動物の行動
背景:
- 若い動物は,神経の発達と運動制御に不可欠な探検的行動を示します.
- これらの初期の行動のニューラル基盤は,大部分が特徴づけられていないままです.
- 幼鳥の歌う鳥は,バババのような原始的な発声である"サブソング"を発する.
研究 の 目的:
- 幼鳥の歌う鳥のサブソング生成の神経基礎を調査する.
- 幼児の声のバババに不可欠な脳の領域を特定するために.
- 若者のサブソングのニューラル回路と大人の曲の生産を比較する.
主な方法:
- サブソング生産中の若いゼブラフィンチの電気生理学的記録.
- 特定の脳領域 (HVC,LMAN) をターゲットにした損傷研究または薬理学的無活性化.
- 発声中のLMANとHVCにおける神経活動の分析.
主要な成果:
- 若いゼブラフィンチのサブソング生成は,HVC (高声中枢) に依存していません.
- サブソングの生産には,声の学習に関与する領域であるLMAN (ニドパリウムの横側マグノ細胞核) が必要です.
- LMANのニューロンは,サブソング中の声の出力との前運動相関を示しています.
- 幼児のサブソングのための神経回路は,大人の歌唱回路とは異なります.
結論:
- 幼児の声のバババは,大人の歌を制御する神経回路とは異なる神経回路によって制御されます.
- LMANは,若者の声の生産に重要な役割を果たし,声の学習におけるその役割を強調しています.
- 幼児と成人の運動制御回路の分離は,システムを開発する際の一般的な原則である可能性があります.
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