血圧関連疾患の世界的負担,2001年
Carlene M M Lawes1, Stephen Vander Hoorn, Anthony Rodgers
1Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 6, 2008
まとめ
高血圧は,世界中で760万人の死亡と9200万人の障害調整寿命年 (DALYs) を引き起こしました. この負担は,高血圧の診断を受けた人々だけでなく,低所得国や高血圧前症候群の個人に不釣り合いに影響する.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 心血管疾患に関する研究
背景:
- 高血圧の世界的な分布と影響に関するデータは限られている.
- 高血圧は,世界的な疾病負担に大きく貢献しているが,定量化されていない要因である.
研究 の 目的:
- 高血圧に起因する疾患の世界的な負担を推定する.
- この負担の年齢,性別,経済的地位による分布を分析する.
主な方法:
- 2001年のデータを用いて,高血圧 (シストリック >=115 mm Hg) に関する世界的な疾患負担を推定した.
- 平均シストリック血圧,死亡率,障害調整寿命年数 (DALYs),および回帰希釈バイアスで修正された相対リスクを用いた計算された人口のインパクト分数.
- 年齢 (>=30歳),性別,世界銀行地域による階層化された分析.
主要な成果:
- 高血圧は760万件の早死 (13.5%の世界総死亡率) と9200万件のDALY (世界総死亡率の6.0%) と関連している.
- 原因となる疾患は,全世界の脳卒中の54%,心不全性疾患の47%を占めた.
- 負担の大部分 (80%) は,低所得・中所得国であり,その半数以上は45~69歳の個人に影響している.
結論:
- 高血圧による世界的な疾病負担は,主に低所得国,中所得国,中年層の人々に影響を及ぼしています.
- 重荷の大部分は高血圧前症に関連しており,高血圧患者のみを対象とした戦略が不十分であることを示しています.
- 公共衛生の介入は,診断された高血圧を超えてその範囲を拡大し,全体的な疾患負担を効果的に軽減する必要があります.
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