マラリアの寄生虫における性比調整と親族差別
Sarah E Reece1, Damien R Drew, Andy Gardner
1Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, School of Biological Science, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. sarah.reece@ed.ac.uk
Nature
|May 30, 2008
まとめ
マラリアの寄生虫は女性偏りの性比を示し,進化論に異議を唱える. プラズモディウム・チャバウディの寄生虫は,無縁の寄生虫の存在に基づいて性配分を調整し,親族差別を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 寄生虫学とは,寄生虫学である.
- 病気の生態学 病気の生態学
背景:
- マラリアの寄生虫とアピコンプレクサンは,様々な宿主において重大な感染症を引き起こす.
- これらの寄生虫は,感染のために性的繁殖を必要とし,一貫して女性偏りの性比を示しています.
- 多細胞生物で成功した性配分理論は,マラリアの寄生虫に適用されると論争に直面します.
研究 の 目的:
- 性比がPlasmodium chabaudiの体格を決定する特徴であるかどうかを調査する.
- プラズモディウム・チャバウディの寄生虫が同種の生物に反応して性配分を調整するかどうかを判断する.
- マラリア寄生虫の行動における親族差別の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- プラズモディアム・チャバウディ感染症の実験操作.
- 異なった同種の密度下での寄生虫の性比の評価.
- 寄生虫の健康と生殖戦略の分析.
主要な成果:
- 性比は,Plasmodium chabaudi.の重要な適性を決定する特徴として確認されました.
- 寄生虫は適応性性性分配を示し,関係のない同種の存在において比率を調整した.
- 証拠によると,プラズモディウム・チャバウディは,遺伝的多様性を評価するために親族差別を採用している.
結論:
- マラリアの寄生虫の行動,特に性配分は,進化論によって説明できます.
- プラズモディウム・チャバウディは,環境のシグナルと親族の認識に基づいて生殖戦略を調整します.
- マラリアの寄生虫は,進化の原理をテストし,検証するためのユニークなモデルを提供します.
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