自分自身や他者に対する見方
1Department of Psychology and Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. epronin@princeton.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 31, 2008
まとめ
人々が自分と他人を異なる形で認識するのは,内面と外面のフォーカスによるもので,自己判断に影響を与え,対立につながります. この心理的非対称性を理解することで,ネガティブな結果を減らすことができます.
科学分野:
- 心理学 心理学とは
- 社会心理学 社会心理学とは
- コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス
背景:
- 個人は,外部の観察者に利用できないユニークな内部経験 (感覚,感情,認知) を所有しています.
- 他人の知覚は,主に観察可能な行動や外部のヒントに基づいています.
研究 の 目的:
- 自己と他者の知覚の根本的な心理的非対称性を探求する.
- この知覚の違いが判断と行動にどのように影響するかを理解する.
- これらの違いから生じる紛争を緩和する可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- この研究は主に理論的であり,自己認識と他者認識の心理的基盤を分析しています.
- これは,主観的な経験と観察的バイアスに関する既存の心理学的研究を統合しています.
- 経験的なデータ収集は記述されていませんが,概念分析に基づいています.
主要な成果:
- 根本的な非対称性がある:自己体験は内面的で包括的であり,他者体験は外面的で観察的である.
- この非対称性は,自己と他者の行動に対する差別的な判断に直接つながります.
- これらの異なる判断は,人格的な意見の相違と対立の共通の源である.
結論:
- 個人が自分と他者との見方における固有の違いは,社会的に大きな影響を及ぼします.
- この知覚の非対称性の心理的根拠を認識することは,人格間の紛争に対処する鍵です.
- さらに理解すれば,偏った社会的認識から生じる負の影響を軽減する戦略を提供することができる.
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