生化学的な分断と,新生鎖のターゲティングとトランスロケーションを媒介する膜成分の組み立て
C V Nicchitta1, G Migliaccio, G Blobel
1Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021-6399.
Cell
|May 17, 1991
まとめ
研究者は,新生鎖標的化に不可欠な信号認識粒子受容体 (SRα) を分離し,転位タンパク質から分離した. これにより,前体結合と転位結合が分離され,連続反応の構成要素が明らかにされる.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- タンパク質生化学 タンパク質生化学
背景:
- タンパク質のターゲティングとトランスロケーションは,重要な細胞プロセスです.
- シグナル認識粒子受容体 (SRα) は,新生チェーンターゲティングに役割を果たします.
- タンパク質の転位に関与する異なる構成要素を理解することは極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- タンパク質転位に関与する成分を生化学的に分離し,特徴づけること.
- 先駆体ターゲティングと転位との関係を調査する.
- 先駆体結合と転位が異なる分子実体によって媒介されているかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- アンモニアウム硫酸塩の降水を用いたマイクロソーマル洗剤抽出物の分化.
- SRアルファ濃縮分子を用いた溶解測定法.
- タンパク質の補足分子が加えられ,タンパク質の枯渇を図るため,硫黄水素誘導クロマトグラフィーが行われます.
主要な成果:
- SRアルファは,シグナルペプチダゼおよび他のマイクロソーマルタンパク質から分離されました.
- 再構成されたSRアルファ分子は,前駆体標的化と延長停止放出をサポートしたが,転位活動には欠けていた.
- トランスロケーション活動は,別個のタンパク質分子を加えることで復元され,ターゲティングを維持しながら,トランスロケーション成分を枯渇させることができる.
結論:
- 先駆体結合と転位は,それぞれ異なる連続反応である.
- タンパク質のターゲティングとトランスロケーションは,別々の成分によって媒介されます.
- 信号認識粒子受容体 (SRα) は,主にターゲティングに関与するが,トランスロケーションに関与しない.
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