スキャベンジャー受容体によるエンドトキシンの認識とプラズマクリアランス
R Y Hampton1, D T Golenbock, M Penman
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706.
Nature
|July 25, 1991
まとめ
マクロファージスキャベンジャー受容体は,エンドトキシンの前駆体である脂質IVAの結合と代謝を媒介する. これらの受容体は,動物における内毒素の除去と解毒に重要な役割を果たします.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
背景:
- エンドトキシンとも呼ばれるリポポリサッカリド (LPS) は,マクロファージを活性化し,エンドトキシンショックを引き起こすグラム陰性細菌の成分です.
- マクロファージは,LPS,脂質Aおよびその前駆体,脂質IVAを結合し,内化し,部分的に分解することができる.
- マクロファージがこれらの分子と相互作用し,それらを処理する正確なメカニズムは,免疫反応とエンドトキシン解毒を理解するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 脂質IVA.の結合と代謝におけるマクロファージスキャベンジャー受容体の役割を調査する.
- スキャベンジャー受容体が,脂質IVA.の細胞の吸収と解毒に関与しているかどうかを判断する.
- 脂質IVA.のクリアランスにおけるスキャベンジャー受容体のインビボの重要性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 脂質IVA結合と代謝を研究するために,マクロファージのようなRAW 264.7細胞を使用しました.
- スキャベンジャー受容体リガンドを用い,RAW細胞との脂質IVA相互作用を抑制する.
- 直接結合を評価するために,牛のスキャベンジャー受容体I型とII型を持つ中国ハムスター卵巣 (CHO) 細胞を感染させた.
- マウスでのin vitroコンペティションアッセイとin vivo肝臓吸収試験を実施しました.
主要な成果:
- RAW 264.7細胞における脂質IVA結合と代謝は,マクロファージのスキャベンジャー受容体によって媒介されます.
- スキャベンジャー受容体のリガンドは,RAW細胞における脂質IVA結合と代謝を効果的に阻害した.
- 脂質IVAは,CHO細胞で発現する,ボウインスキャベンジャー受容体I型とII型の両方に結合することを実証した.
- in vitroの研究では,スキャベンジャー受容体がLPS/脂質IVA誘発のマクロファージ刺激に関与しないことを示唆しているが,in vivoの研究では,スキャベンジャー受容体のリガンドがマウスにおける脂質IVAの肝臓吸収を著しく抑制することを示した.
結論:
- マクロファージスキャベンジャー受容体は,脂質IVA.の結合と代謝処理において重要な役割を果たします.
- これらの受容体は,endotoxinのクリアランスと解毒にインビヴォに関与しています.
- スキャベンジャー受容体へのターゲティングは,内毒性ショックを管理するための治療戦略を提供することができます.
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