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関連する概念動画

Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
Surface tension is crucial to capillarity. It results from cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the liquid-air boundary, forming a skin that resists external forces. When the capillary tube...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies with...
Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics01:15

Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics

Dimensionless groups in fluid mechanics provide simplified ratios that help analyze fluid behavior without relying on specific units. The Reynolds number (Re), which represents the ratio of inertial to viscous forces, distinguishes between laminar and turbulent flows, making it essential in the design of pipelines and aerodynamic surfaces. The Froude number (Fr), the ratio of inertial to gravitational forces, is particularly useful in predicting wave formation and hydraulic jumps in...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

柔らかいガラスの流れにおける空間的な協力性.

J Goyon1, A Colin, G Ovarlez

  • 1LOF, Université Bordeaux 1, UMR CNRS-Rhodia-Bordeaux 1 5258, 33608 Pessac cedex, France.

Nature
|July 4, 2008
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

エムルションのような流動性無形物質は,複雑な行動を示す. 局所的な法則ではなく,単純な非局所的な流れの法則が,それらの動きを説明し,詰まった状態における協力的動態を明らかにします.

さらに関連する動画

Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials
06:07

Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials

Published on: April 25, 2019

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films
09:32

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films

Published on: January 26, 2016

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials
06:07

Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials

Published on: April 25, 2019

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films
09:32

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films

Published on: January 26, 2016

科学分野:

  • 整形外科医 整形外科医 整形外科医 整形外科医
  • ソフトマター物理学 ソフトマター物理学
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学

背景:

  • 形のない材料 (乳液,ペースト,グラス) は,固体と液体の間の複雑な流れを示します.
  • 彼らのストレス-ストレスの割合の関係は強く非線形であり,理解されていない現象です.
  • これらの材料は,コーティングを含む様々な用途において極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 狭い薄層に閉じ込められた濃縮エムルシンの流れの振る舞いを調査するために.
  • ローカルまたは非ローカルな流れ規則が彼らのレオロギーを支配するかどうかを判断する.
  • 閉じ込めの役割,表面の粗さ,流れ動力学への集中を理解する.

主な方法:

  • 速度プロフィールを測定するためにマイクロ流体速度測定法を使用しました.
  • 特徴的な流れは,厚さや粗さによって異なる表面の間に閉じ込められた薄いエムルション層です.
  • データを分析して,有限サイズの効果とフロールの本質を特定します.

主要な成果:

  • 流動行動に影響を与える有限サイズ効果を観測した.
  • 本質的なローカルフロールに関する証拠は見つかりませんでした.
  • 単純な非ローカルフロールールが,観測されたすべての速度プロファイルを正確に記述することを示した.
  • 定量化されたフロー非局所性で,特徴的な協同性の長さがあり,詰まった状態での濃度とともに増加します.

結論:

  • 閉じ込められた無形材料のリオロジーは,局所的な規則ではなく,非局所的な流れ規則によって支配されます.
  • 混じった状態では協同性の特徴的な長さスケールが現れ,液体状態では存在しない.
  • これらの発見は,ガラス,ジャム,粒状のシステムを支配する普遍的な原理を示唆しています.