電子出版と科学と学問の狭窄
1Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, 1126 East 59th Street, Chicago, IL60615, USA. jevans@uchicago.edu
まとめ
オンラインジャーナルは効率を高めますが,科学的調査を狭めることがあります. 研究者はますます最近の論文を引用し,過去の学術研究への深い関与を制限し,コンセンサスを加速する可能性があります.
科学分野:
- ビビロメトリクス (Bibliometrics) とは
- 学術コミュニケーション
- 情報科学 情報科学
背景:
- オンラインジャーナルは,印刷版と比較して,より広範なアクセスと効率的な検索を提供します.
- しかし,電子アクセスは,科学者や学者たちが研究文献とやり取りする方法を変化させます.
研究 の 目的:
- オンラインジャーナルの利用可能性が引用パターンと科学的議論に与える影響を調査する.
- 電子検索とハイパーリンクが引用された研究の幅にどのように影響するか分析する.
主な方法:
- 1945年から2005年の引用データを含む大規模なデータベース (3400万件の記事) の分析.
- 1998年から2005年にかけてのオンラインジャーナルの利用可能性とその引用傾向との相関性の検討.
主要な成果:
- オンラインジャーナルの利用可能性の増加は,より最近の記事への引用と相関しています.
- 引用された雑誌や記事の数が減少した.
- 引用は,より少ない,高度に引用された雑誌や記事に集中するようになった.
結論:
- 効率的なオンライン検索とハイパーリンクは,加速されたコンセンサスにつながる可能性があります.
- この傾向は,科学的発見や探求されたアイデアの範囲を潜在的に狭めかねない.
- 印刷品の閲覧から電子検索への移行は,歴史学への深い関与を減らす可能性があります.
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