脊椎動物の後頭脳と脊髄の区画における社会的発声の進化的起源
Andrew H Bass1, Edwin H Gilland, Robert Baker
1Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. ahb3@cornell.edu
まとめ
脊椎動物における声のコミュニケーションネットワークの起源が明らかになった. 研究者は,魚の幼虫の声神経回路をマッピングし,声の四足類と共有された保存された発達パターンを発見し,古代の起源を示唆しました.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
背景:
- 発声による社会的コミュニケーションは,魚,両生類,鳥,哺乳類を含む脊椎動物に広く広がっています.
- 発声の進化的起源と神経の基盤は,ほとんど不明のままである.
- 魚の発声は,求愛や領土防衛などの機能に役立ちます.
研究 の 目的:
- 声のコミュニケーションのための神経回路のマクロ進化的起源を調査する.
- 魚の幼虫の発声の基礎となる神経回路をマッピングする.
- 脊椎動物の系統における声のネットワークの発達パターンを比較する.
主な方法:
- 魚の幼虫の発声のための神経回路のマッピング.
- 後頭脳と脊髄における声のネットワークの発達分析.
- 異なる脊椎動物群における比較分類分析.
主要な成果:
- 魚の幼虫の声のネットワークは,尾関節の後頭脳と正面脊髄を網羅するセグメント状の領域で発達する.
- 魚と声帯四足類の間では,声帯ネットワークの発達の高度に保存されたパターンが観察されました.
- これは,脊椎動物における音響コミュニケーションの共通の発達基盤を示唆している.
結論:
- 脊椎動物の音声通信のための神経基盤は,古代の共有された発達区間から進化した可能性が高い.
- このコンパートメントは,初期の魚に存在し,脊椎動物の進化を通して保存された.
- この研究は,社会的コミュニケーションの進化の歴史についての洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
The Cochlea
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Neurulation
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
Convergent Evolution
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.The structures that arise from convergent evolution are called analogous structures. They are similar in function even if they are dissimilar in structure. Further, structures can be analogous while also...
Auditory Pathway
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Spinal Cord: Information Processing
The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
Anatomy of the Ear
Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...


