米国で外国生まれの人間の結核
Kevin P Cain1, Stephen R Benoit, Carla A Winston
1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, MS-E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. kcain@cdc.gov
JAMA
|July 24, 2008
まとめ
外国生まれの個人は,特にサハラ以南のアフリカと東南アジアから,より高い結核 (TB) 率を持っています. 海外のスクリーニングに結核文化を追加することで,最近の米国入国者の検知を改善することができます.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 外国生まれの個人は,2006年に米国における結核 (TB) 症例の57%を占めた.
- 既存の結核対策戦略は,この高リスク集団には不十分である.
- 外国生まれの人の間で,活発な結核病と潜伏結核感染症の有意なレベルが持続しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 外国生まれの集団における結核病と薬剤耐性結核のリスクを評価する.
- 米国行きの移民の海外スクリーニングに結核文化を組み込むことの影響を評価する.
- 結核の検出のための高リスクの原産国と時間枠を特定する.
主な方法:
- 米国 (2001年−2006年) の外国生まれの個人における結核症例の伝染病学分析 (2001年−2006年).
- 米国への入国以来の時間,原産国,入国時の年齢による結核病例率の階層化.
- 抗結核薬剤耐性パターンの分析と早期結核症例の特徴.
主要な成果:
- 46,970例の結核症例が外国生まれ (2001年~2006年) で報告され,28%が新規入国者であった.
- 結核の発生率は,入国後20年以内でも,米国生まれの出生率よりも高いままでした.
- 症例の53%はサハラ以南のアフリカと東南アジアから発生し,一部の集団では高いイソニアジド耐性が認められた.
結論:
- サハラ以南のアフリカと東南アジアの個人は,潜伏性結核感染症の検出に高い収率を示しています.
- 対象のスクリーニングと治療戦略は,外国生まれの集団にとって極めて重要です.
- 海外のスクリーニングをTB培養で強化することで,早期発見と制御が改善される可能性があります.
さらに関連する動画
09:02An Experimental Model to Study Tuberculosis-Malaria Coinfection upon Natural Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium berghei
Published on: February 17, 2014
20.3K
23:06The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
19.6K
関連する概念動画
00:46Motor Units
62.0K
A motor unit consists of two main components: a single efferent motor neuron (i.e., a neuron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system) and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. The motor neuron may innervate multiple muscle fibers, which are single cells, but only one motor neuron innervates a single muscle fiber.
62.0K
02:44The Born-Haber Cycle
25.5K
Lattice Energy
25.5K
03:38Measurement: Standard Units
81.7K
Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement (a unit), and an indication of the uncertainty of the measurement. While the number and unit are explicitly represented when a quantity is written, the uncertainty is an aspect of the errors in the measurement results.
81.7K
03:02Measurement: Derived Units
56.0K
The International System of Units or SI system, by international agreement, has fixed measurement units for seven fundamental properties: length, mass, time, temperature, electric current, amount of substance, and luminosity. These are called the SI base units.
56.0K
01:27Units of Measurement
5.3K
Mechanical engineering is one of the oldest branches of engineering. It deals with designing, analyzing, and manufacturing machines and mechanical systems. To ensure precise and accurate calculations, units of measurement are used. They provide a standard system for expressing and comparing physical quantities.
There are various well-known historical measurement systems, such as the Babylonian system, the Roman system, the Egyptian system, the Olympian system, the British system, and the Indus...
There are various well-known historical measurement systems, such as the Babylonian system, the Roman system, the Egyptian system, the Olympian system, the British system, and the Indus...
5.3K
01:29International System of Units
5.2K
The International System of Units, known as the SI system, is a universally accepted measurement system recognized and used worldwide. The SI system is based on a set of three base units considered absolute, and their values do not change with location. These base units are meters, kilograms, and seconds.
Prefixes are used to define both larger and smaller quantities in the SI system. For example, milli, micro, and nano define smaller quantities, while kilo, mega, and giga are used to define...
Prefixes are used to define both larger and smaller quantities in the SI system. For example, milli, micro, and nano define smaller quantities, while kilo, mega, and giga are used to define...
5.2K