エントロヘモラジックE. coliエフェクターEspFによるWASP活性化の構造的メカニズム (U)
Hui-Chun Cheng1, Brian M Skehan, Kenneth G Campellone
1Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Nature
|July 25, 2008
まとめ
腸出血性Escherichia coli (EHEC) は,EspF (U) タンパク質を注入することによって宿主細胞アクチンをハイジャックします. このタンパク質はウィスコット・オルドリッヒ症候群タンパク質 (WASP) 家族のメンバーを結合し,活性化させ,感染中にアクチンアセンブリを制御します.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
背景:
- 腸出血性Escherichia coli (EHEC) は,感染中に宿主細胞のアクチン細胞骨格を操作する.
- バクテリアのエフェクタタンパク質 EspF ((U) は宿主細胞に注入され,アクチンダイナミクスを制御します.
- ウィスコット・オールドリッヒ症候群タンパク質 (WASP) 家族のメンバーは,アクチンアセンブリの重要なレギュレーターです.
研究 の 目的:
- EHECのEspF (U) タンパク質がWASPファミリーのタンパク質を活性化するメカニズムを解明する.
- EspF (U) とWASP (WASP) の相互作用の構造的基礎を決定する.
- EHECがどのようにして真核細胞骨格機構を効果的にハイジャックするかを理解する.
主な方法:
- GTPase結合領域 (GBD) -EspF(U) 複合体の溶液構造の決定.
- WASPとニューラル (N) -WASPのインビトロ活性化アッセイ.
- 局所的なアクチン組成を観察するための細胞ベースのアッセイ.
主要な成果:
- EspF(U) は,WASPタンパク質の自己抑制性GBDに結合し,VCAドメインから異動させます.
- この相互作用は,WASPとN-WASPを強力に活性化し,細胞内の局所的なアクチン組成を誘導します.
- 構造は,EspF(U) がVCAドメインの相互作用を模倣し,GBD結合部位を競うことを明らかにしています.
結論:
- EspF ((U) は,真核活性化剤とは異なるメカニズムであるGBD結合部位に直接競争することによって,WASPを活性化します.
- 構造的不適合性と高親和結合により,EHECはホストアクチン機構を効果的にハイジャックすることができます.
- WASPの活性化におけるメカニズム的な多様性は,そのドメインの固有の非構造的な性質から生じる可能性があります.
関連する概念動画
Formation of Lipopolysaccharides
1.1K
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are crucial components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving both structural and functional roles. It contributes to membrane stability and protects bacteria from host immune responses. LPS is composed of three major regions—lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O antigen. The biosynthesis and assembly of LPS involve a highly coordinated set of enzymatic reactions and transport mechanisms. Additionally, LPS is recognized as an endotoxin,...
1.1K
Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems
1.7K
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
1.7K
Chemotaxis in E. coli
1.4K
Chemotaxis in Escherichia coli is a sensory-driven motility mechanism that enables bacteria to navigate chemical gradients, moving toward beneficial environments while avoiding harmful conditions. This process relies on a signal transduction system integrating external chemical cues with flagellar motor control.Chemoreceptors and Signal DetectionE. coli detects chemical gradients through methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), which are membrane-bound chemoreceptors that sense attractants...
1.4K
Stringent Response in E. coli
528
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
528
Regulation of Bacterial Virulence
76
Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
76
Bacterial Gastroenteritis
88
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
88


