ヨウ素欠乏症障害 ヨウ素欠乏症障害
Michael B Zimmermann1, Pieter L Jooste, Chandrakant S Pandav
1Laboratory for Human Nutrition, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 5, 2008
まとめ
ヨウ素欠乏症は,世界中で20億人に影響し,予防可能な精神障害を引き起こす. 塩をヨウ素化することは,費用対効果の高い解決策ですが,国際的取り組みは減速しており,世界的な健康に課題をもたらしています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エンドクリノロジー エンドクリノロジー
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
背景:
- ヨウ素欠乏症は,特に南アジアとサハラ以南のアフリカで,世界中で20億人に影響しています.
- ヨウ素欠乏症 (IDD) は,甲状腺ホルモンの不十分な生産の結果であり,成長と発達に悪影響を及ぼします.
- IDDは,世界中で予防可能な精神障害の主な原因です.
研究 の 目的:
- ヨウ素欠乏症の世界的な影響を要約する.
- ヨウ素欠乏症の評価方法を見直す.
- ヨウ素欠乏症と関連する課題を制御するための戦略について議論する.
主な方法:
- 全世界のヨウ素摂取データに関するレビュー.
- 確立された評価方法の要約:尿中のヨウ素濃度,,新生児の甲状腺刺激ホルモン,血中チログロブリン.
- 主要介入戦略としての塩のヨウ素化分析.
主要な成果:
- 塩のヨーデーションは,ほとんどの国でヨウ素欠乏症を制御するための最も費用対効果の高い戦略です.
- ヨウ素サプリメントは,塩のヨウ素化が実現できない場合,敏感なグループにとって代替品です.
- ヨウ素塩を導入すると,甲状腺疾患が一時的に増加する可能性がありますが,ヨウ素過剰のリスクは,欠乏症の実質的なリスクと比較して最小限です.
結論:
- 塩のヨウ素化は,ヨウ素欠乏症と闘う世界的な取り組みの礎石であり続けています.
- IDDを制御するための国際的イニシアチブは減速しており,IDDの欠乏した人口に到達する進捗を妨げています.
- 残されたヨウ素欠乏症の課題に対処するには,新たなグローバルなコミットメントと戦略的介入が必要です.
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