健康的なライフスタイルによる脳卒中の一次予防
Stephanie E Chiuve1, Kathryn M Rexrode, Donna Spiegelman
1Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. schiuve@hsph.harvard.edu
Circulation
|August 14, 2008
まとめ
健康的なライフスタイルを身につけると,脳卒中,特に不全性脳卒中のリスクが著しく低下します. これには,禁煙,健康的な体重を維持する,定期的に運動する,適度なアルコール摂取,適切な食事などが含まれます.
科学分野:
- 心血管疾患の疫学について
- 予防医学は,予防的な医療です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 健康的なライフスタイルの要因は,冠動脈疾患,糖尿病,心血管疾患のリスクの低下と関連しています.
- 複数のライフスタイルの要因が脳卒中リスクに与える影響は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 健康的なライフスタイル要因の組み合わせと脳卒中のリスクとの関連を調査する.
- 低リスクライフスタイルの脳卒中予防への潜在的な影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- 43,685人の男性 (医療従事者のフォローアップ研究) と71,243人の女性 (看護師の健康研究) を対象とした前向きなコホート研究.
- ライフスタイルの要因 (食事,喫煙,運動,アルコール摂取,BMI) は,アンケートを使用して評価されました.
- 低リスクライフスタイルは,禁煙,BMI <25kg/m2,≥30分/日,適度な運動量,控えめなアルコール摂取量,健康的な食事のスコアなど5つの要素の遵守によって定義されました.
主要な成果:
- 低リスクライフスタイルの5つの要因をすべて遵守した個人は,全体および不全性脳卒中のリスクが著しく低下しました.
- 女性の場合,全脳卒中の相対リスクは0.21であり,不全性脳卒中の相対リスクは0.19であり,いずれの要因も持たない女性と比較した.
- 男性の場合,全脳卒中の相対リスクは0.31であり,缺血性脳卒中の相対リスクは0.20であった.
- 脳卒中の症例の有意な割合は,低リスクのライフスタイルを遵守していないことによるものである.
結論:
- 低リスクライフスタイルは,脳卒中,特に不全性脳卒中のリスクの低下と関連しています.
- これらの発見は,健康的なライフスタイル要因の促進が,脳卒中予防の重要な戦略である可能性があることを示唆しています.
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