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中年男性における心血管疾患の5年間の多因子一次予防による長期死亡率
T E Strandberg1, V V Salomaa, V A Naukkarinen
1Second Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
JAMA
|September 4, 1991
まとめ
心血管疾患 (CVD) の多因子原発予防は,初期には効果を示したが,長期的には心疾患による死亡率の増加につながった. CVD予防のための特定の介入方法に関するさらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- 心血管疾患の予防 心血管疾患の予防
- 公衆衛生研究 公共衛生研究
- 臨床試験分析 臨床試験分析について
背景:
- 心血管疾患 (CVD) は,世界的な健康上の重大な負担となっている.
- 主要予防戦略は,リスクファクターの修正を通じてCVDの発生率を減らすことを目的としています.
- 多要素予防プログラムの長期的な成果は,継続的な調査を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- 心血管疾患に対する多要素的初等予防プログラムの長期的効果を評価する.
- 介入後15年までの死亡率を評価する.
主な方法:
- CVDリスク因子を持つ男性幹部1222人を対象とした5年間のランダム化対照試験.
- 介入グループは,集中的な食事衛生対策と薬理学的治療 (低脂血症および抗高血圧薬) を受けました.
- 対照群は研究者主導の治療を受けなかった.死亡率の追跡は1989年12月31日まで延長された.
主要な成果:
- 介入グループは当初,冠動脈疾患のリスクが46%減少したことを示した.
- 15年間にわたって,介入グループは,より高い総死亡率 (RR 1.45) と心疾患による死亡率 (RR 2.42) を経験しました.
- 介入グループでは暴力による死亡率が増加した (RR 13.0),がんによる死亡率は低下した.
結論:
- この研究の予期せぬ発見は,多因子予防を否定するものではなく,特定の介入成分の研究の必要性を強調しています.
- 初期CVD予防におけるメソッドの選択と相互作用を理解するために,さらなる調査が必要である.
- 主要予防戦略の最適化には,長期的な影響と潜在的な悪影響についてより深く理解する必要があります.
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