湿った地球上の大気循環は,湿った地球上の大気循環は,湿った地球上で大気循環は,湿った地球上で大気循環は,湿った地球上で大気循環は,湿った地球上で大気循環は,湿った地球上で大気循環は,湿った地球上で大気循環は,湿った地球上で大気循環は
Olivier Pauluis1, Arnaud Czaja, Robert Korty
1Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 251 Mercer Street, New York, NY 10012, USA. pauluis@cims.nyu.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 23, 2008
まとめ
地球の大気循環は,地球のエネルギーバランスの鍵です. 湿ったイセントロペの大気質量輸送を平均すると,それは乾燥したイセントロペの2倍の大きさであり,水蒸気の役割を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 大気科学 大気科学
- 気候のダイナミクス
- 気象学 気象学 気象学
背景:
- グローバルな大気循環は,赤道からより高い緯度までエネルギーを再分配します.
- この循環は,高エネルギー空気を極方向に運び,低エネルギー空気を赤道方向に運びます.
- 大気循環の乱流的な性質は,記述のために平均化することが必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- グローバル大気質量輸送を定量化するための平均化方法の影響を調査する.
- 潮湿のイセントロピーと乾燥のイセントロピーで平均すると,質量輸送を比較する.
主な方法:
- グローバルな循環データを用いて大気の質量輸送の分析.
- 湿ったイセントロピー表面と乾燥したイセントロピー表面に基づく輸送計算の比較.
主要な成果:
- 総大気質量輸送は,乾燥したイセントロピーと比較して湿ったイセントロピーで平均すると2倍大きいことが判明しました.
- 湿ったイセントロプスの上での輸送の強化は,暖かく湿った表面空気の極方向の流れに起因する.
- この湿った空気は,中緯度で上昇し,極地における上部トロポスフィアの空気量に大きく貢献しています (50%まで).
結論:
- 湿ったイセントロプの空気循環を平均すると,質量輸送のより包括的な測定が得られます.
- 水蒸気は,地球の大気循環内の極性エネルギーと質量輸送において重要な役割を果たしています.
- この発見は,地球の大気中の気候動力学とエネルギーバランスを理解するための意味を持つ.
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