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Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
Directionality of Nuclear Transport01:42

Directionality of Nuclear Transport

Ras-related nuclear protein or Ran is a small G protein that cycles between its GTP and GDP bound states. Ran specific regulators, a Ran GTPase Activating Protein or RanGAP present in the cytosol and a Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor or RanGEF present inside the nucleus regulate GTP/GDP exchange. A high concentration of GTP inside the cells, in addition to this asymmetric distribution of  Ran-specific regulators, leads to a higher RanGTP concentration inside the nucleus. This...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Isolation of mRNAs Associated with Yeast Mitochondria to Study Mechanisms of Localized Translation
14:44

Isolation of mRNAs Associated with Yeast Mitochondria to Study Mechanisms of Localized Translation

Published on: March 14, 2014

mRNA輸送のためのハイウェイ

Robert H Singer1

  • 1Departments of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Cell Biology, and Neuroscience, Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.

Cell
|September 9, 2008
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

微小管の極性は,発達の過程でmRNAの局所化を導く. これらの研究は,バイアスされた輸送と特定の微小管子集団が果物ハエとカエルの正しいmRNA分布をどのように保証するかを明らかにしています.

さらに関連する動画

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells
10:24

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
13:34

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Published on: September 29, 2012

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Isolation of mRNAs Associated with Yeast Mitochondria to Study Mechanisms of Localized Translation
14:44

Isolation of mRNAs Associated with Yeast Mitochondria to Study Mechanisms of Localized Translation

Published on: March 14, 2014

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells
10:24

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
13:34

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Published on: September 29, 2012

科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
  • 発達生物学 発達生物学について
  • 分子遺伝学 分子遺伝学

背景:

  • 非対称的なmRNAの局所化は,細胞の極性および発達パターンの確立に不可欠です.
  • 微小管は細胞内輸送の経路として機能するが,指向されたmRNAの移動における役割は複雑である.

研究 の 目的:

  • 特定のmRNAsの非対称的な局所化におけるマイクロチューブル極性の役割を調査する.
  • 卵細胞における誘導mRNA輸送の背後にあるメカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

  • 遺伝子組み換えフルーツハエ (Drosophila melanogaster) のmRNA局所化の分析
  • カエル (Xenopus laevis) の卵細胞におけるマイクロチューブル動態とmRNA輸送の観察.
  • ライブ画像と遺伝子操作の技術を活用する.

主要な成果:

  • マイクロチューブルベースの輸送における微妙な方向性バイアスは,フルーツフライの卵細胞におけるオスカルのmRNAの非対称な局所化の基礎となっている.
  • 卵細胞におけるVg1mRNAの正しい非対称的分布には,微小管の明確なサブポポレーションが不可欠である.

結論:

  • 微小管の極性は,母親のmRNAの正確な空間的および時間的な局所化を保証する上で重要な役割を果たします.
  • これらの発見は,発達初期に細胞の極性形成の基本的メカニズムについての洞察を提供します.