学生の人種的・民族的構成と,米国の医学部における多様性に関する成果
Somnath Saha1, Gretchen Guiton, Paul F Wimmers
1Section of General Internal Medicine, Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, OR 97239, USA. sahas@ohsu.edu
JAMA
|September 11, 2008
まとめ
医学部の多様性は,多様な患者ケアに対する医師の準備力を高めます. 学校におけるより高い人種的多様性は,白人生徒の準備と平等な態度と相関しています.
科学分野:
- 医療教育 医療教育について
- 健康の社会学 健康の社会学
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 医学部では,医師の訓練において多様性を強調しています.
- 生徒集団の人種的多様性の教育への影響に関する証拠は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 医学部学生の集団における人種・民族の多様性と,多様性に関連する結果との関連を評価する.
- 医学生の準備,態度,練習の意図を調査する.
主な方法:
- 118の米国アロパシー医学部から20,112人の卒業医学生を対象としたウェブベースの調査.
- 自己評価の準備,公平性に対する態度,欠陥地域への奉仕の意図を評価した.
- 歴史的に黒人とプエルトリコ人の医学部が除外された.
主要な成果:
- 多様な学校の白人生徒は,マイノリティの患者ケアに対する準備がより高いと報告した (61.1%対53.9%).
- 多様性の高まりは,白人学生のケアへの平等なアクセスに対する強い支持と相関していた.
- 非白人学生では有意な関連性が見つかりませんでしたが,過小代表の少数派 (URM) 学生は,サービス不足地域への奉仕の意図が高く示されました.
結論:
- 医学部における人種・民族の多様性は,多様な患者ケアを支援する成果と結びついている.
- 多様性は,特に白人の学生の準備と態度を向上させるようです.
- URMの学生は,恵まれない人々への奉仕に強いコミットメントを示しています.
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