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Updated: May 11, 2026

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Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs
Published on: May 10, 2018
ユカリオット初期化因子6は,翻訳,成長,変容の速度を制限する
Valentina Gandin1, Annarita Miluzio, Anna Maria Barbieri
1Molecular Histology and Cell Growth Laboratory, San Raffaele Science Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Nature
|September 12, 2008
まとめ
哺乳類のエウカリオット初期化因子6 (eIF6) は,細胞成長に不可欠であり,細胞外信号を翻訳初期化と結びつける. 減少したeIF6レベルは細胞増殖を阻害し,胚の死亡を引き起こし,細胞サイクル進行における重要な役割を強調します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- 細胞の成長と増殖は,調整されたリボソームバイオゲネシスとトランスレーションに依存しています.
- ユカリオット初期化因子 (eIFs) は,速度を制限する初期化段階で変換を調節する.
- 既存のeIFは,細胞外刺激を40Sリボソームサブユニット経由でトランスレーションに結びつけるが,60Sサブユニットにはつながらない.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類のエウカリオト初期化因子6 (eIF6) の翻訳初期化における役割とその細胞外刺激との関連を調査する.
- 哺乳類の発達と細胞サイクル進行におけるeIF6のインビボ機能を決定する.
主な方法:
- eIF6 ゼロおよびヘテロジゴトのマウスとその胚性線維芽細胞の生成と分析.
- リボソーム生体生成,トランスレーション開始,細胞サイクル進行 (G1/S段階) の評価.
- eIF6 (((+/-) 細胞におけるインスリン刺激による翻訳と腫瘍遺伝子の誘発による変換の評価.
主要な成果:
- eIF6 ゼロ胚は,移植前の段階で致命的です.
- 異卵性マウス (eIF6(+/-)) は,eIF6のレベルが低下し,肝臓と脂肪組織の質量が減少し,G1/S細胞サイクル進行が低下しています.
- eIF6 ((+/-) 細胞は正常なリボソーム生体生成を示すが,翻訳開始の欠陥,インスリン刺激による翻訳の障害,および腫瘍性変異に対する抵抗がある.
結論:
- 哺乳類のeIF6は,細胞外信号を60Sリボソームサブユニットの活動と結びつけ,効率的な翻訳開始に不可欠です.
- eIF6は,胚の発達,細胞増殖,細胞サイクル制御において重要な役割を果たします.
- eIF6は,細胞の成長と癌の発達を理解するための意味を持つ,翻訳開始の新しいレギュレータです.
関連する概念動画
Transcription Elongation Factors
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
Improving Translational Accuracy
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Transcription Elongation Factors
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
Initiation of Translation
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Translation in Prokaryotes
Prokaryote translation is a complex, highly coordinated process that converts genetic information from mRNA into functional proteins. It involves three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each facilitated by specific molecular components.Initiation of TranslationThe process begins with the assembly of the ribosomal subunits and initiation factors on the mRNA. In bacteria, the 30S ribosomal subunit recognizes the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the mRNA, a conserved region upstream of...

