プライマリヘルスケア:アルマ・アタを現実にすること
John Walley1, Joy E Lawn, Anne Tinker
1Nuffield Centre for Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 16, 2008
まとめ
プライマリヘルスケアは,世界的な健康平等を達成するために不可欠です. プライマリヘルスケアの活性化には,インフラを強化し,ユーザー料金を撤廃し,より良い健康成果のためにサービスを統合する必要があります.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
- 保健システムの強化
背景:
- ほら,ほら,ほら,ほら
- "すべての人のための健康"
- ミレニアム開発目標 (MDGs) は,低所得国では,加速初等保健医療 (PHC) がなければ達成されそうにない.
研究 の 目的:
- グローバル保健目標を達成するために,初等保健医療 (PHC) の活性化のための優先順位を提案する.
- 政治的優先順位が低いこと,不十分な医療制度など,PHCの進歩を妨げている要因に対処する.
主な方法:
- 人力資源と必須医薬品を含む保健サービスインフラを強化する.
- アクセスを改善するために,初等保健医療サービスのユーザー料金を撤廃する.
- コミュニティとプライマリー・キュレーティブ・ケアおよび予防ケアに関する,エビデンスに基づいた,統合されたパッケージの実施,適応および拡大.
- コミュニティの参加を強化し,コミュニティの保健医療従事者をプライマリケア施設と結びつける.
- 健康と開発のための分野間行動を推進し,水,衛生,栄養,食料安全保障,HIV対策に取り組む.
主要な成果:
- この研究は,初等保健医療の活性化のための包括的な戦略を概説しています.
- 重要な勧告には,インフラ開発,ユーザー料金の廃止,統合サービス提供が含まれています.
- 地域社会への関与,分野間の協力,慢性疾患や精神衛生を含む幅広い健康問題への取り組みが重視されています.
結論:
- プライマリヘルスケアの再生は,世界的な健康平等を達成するために不可欠です.
- 強化されたインフラ,コミュニティの関与,および部門間の行動によって支えられるPHCの実質的な加速が必要である.
- 研究のギャップに対処し,進歩を測定し,説明責任を確保することは,PHCの成功的な実施に不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
01:30Primary Healthcare Services
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01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
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Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
01:11Secondary Healthcare System
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01:20Integrated Healthcare System
An integrated healthcare system (IHS) is a set of organizations that provides for or arranges to provide coordinated and continuous service to a defined population. The IHS takes responsibility for that particular population's health status and outcome, both clinically and fiscally. An integrated healthcare system is a well-organized, well-coordinated, and collaborative network. The integrated delivery system is a network that connects different healthcare providers to deliver organized,...
01:21Tertiary Healthcare System
Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care to...
01:26Traditional Level Of Health Care System
The levels of care describe the services provided in the healthcare system. Accordingly, there are six levels of the traditional healthcare system in the US: preventive, primary, secondary, tertiary, restorative, and continuing healthcare. A nurse must understand how the healthcare industry organizes and provides services within these levels of care.
The preventive healthcare service includes tests for screening. Preventive health care services include identifying and reducing disease risk...
The preventive healthcare service includes tests for screening. Preventive health care services include identifying and reducing disease risk...