鼻炎と喘息の発症:縦断的な集団ベースの研究
Rafea Shaaban1, Mahmoud Zureik, David Soussan
1Unit 700 Epidemiology, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 23, 2008
まとめ
鼻炎,特にアレルギー性鼻炎は,成人期発症の喘息を発症するリスクを大幅に高めます. 非アレルギー性鼻炎でさえ,喘息を予測し,呼吸器の健康のために鼻の炎症を治療することの重要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 肺内科 肺内科 肺内科
背景:
- 喘息とアレルギー性鼻炎は,既知の関連性を共有していますが,この関係の正確な性質については,さらなる解明が必要です.
- 以前の疫学および臨床研究では,これらの2つの状態の間の強い関連が示唆されています.
- 欧州共同体呼吸器健康調査 (ECRHS) は,この関連性を調査するために縦断データを提供しました.
研究 の 目的:
- アレルギー性鼻炎のある人やない人の喘息の発症を調査する.
- アトピーのある,またはない鼻炎が,成人期発症の喘息の発症を予測するかどうかを判断する.
- 8.8年間のフォローアップ期間におけるインシデント喘息のリスクを分析するために.
主な方法:
- ヨーロッパ14カ国の29のセンターで20~44歳の6461人の参加者を対象とした縦断型,人口ベースの研究です.
- 参加者は,ベースラインで4つのグループに分けられた:コントロール,アトピーのみ,非アレルギー性鼻炎,アレルギー性鼻炎.
- 調整された相対性喘息発症リスクを評価するために,コックス比例リスクモデルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 8.8年間にわたる喘息の累積的な発生率は2.2%で,4つのベースライングループ全体で有意な差異が観察されました (p<0.0001).
- 複数の要因を調整した後,非アレルギー性鼻炎 (RR 2.71) とアレルギー性鼻炎 (RR 3.53) は,著しく増加した喘息リスクと関連していました.
- アレルギー性鼻炎は,特に虫の感受性に関連しており,独立して,喘息のリスクを予測した (RR 2.79).
結論:
- 鼻炎は,アトピー状態に関係なく,大人の発症性喘息の強力な予測因子として機能します.
- アレルギーがない場合でも,鼻炎の存在は,人生の後半に喘息を発症する重大な危険因子です.
- これらの発見は,喘息の予防のための鼻炎の管理の重要性を強調しています.
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