移植された単一の筋肉幹細胞の自己再生と拡張
Alessandra Sacco1, Regis Doyonnas, Peggy Kraft
1Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stem Cell Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5175, USA.
Nature
|September 23, 2008
まとめ
大人の筋肉幹細胞は,筋肉の修復に不可欠です. 単細胞移植と画像検査により,これらの細胞は自己再生と分化が可能であり,マウスの幹細胞の機能を確認した.
科学分野:
- 筋肉生物学 筋肉生物学
- 幹細胞の研究について
- 再生医学は,再生医療である.
背景:
- 大人の筋肉の衛星細胞は,筋肉の成長と修復に不可欠な静止細胞です.
- 彼らは,損傷した筋肉繊維を再生するために,先駆体とミオブラストに微分化します.
- 衛星細胞の異質性により,幹細胞の機能を確認するために,クローン分析が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 単一の成人の筋肉幹細胞の自己再生と分化能力を実証する.
- 修復中の筋肉幹細胞の行動をリアルタイムで追跡するために,in vivoイメージングを使用します.
- 筋肉幹細胞の自律的な自己再生特性に関するクローナル・エビデンスの提供.
主な方法:
- 単一のルシフェラーゼ発現性筋肉幹細胞をマウスの筋肉に移植する.
- 細胞の増殖,移植,および行動を監視するために,in vivo生物発光成像.
- 移植後のPax7 (((+)) ルシフェラーゼ (((+)) の単核細胞の再隔離と分析.
主要な成果:
- 移植された単一の筋肉幹細胞は,広範な増殖と筋肉繊維への貢献を示した.
- 自己更新は,Pax7の再隔離によって証明されました.
- リアルタイム画像は,損傷時に大規模な細胞増殖とともに,急速な増殖と移植を示した.
結論:
- 単一の筋肉幹細胞の子孫は,移植後に自己再生と分化の両方をすることができます.
- この研究は,自己再生が成人の筋肉幹細胞の固有の特性であることのクローンレベルの証拠を提供します.
- In vivo生物発光イメージングは,筋肉幹細胞の動態を研究するための強力なツールを提供します.
関連する概念動画
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy
Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
Stem Cell Niche
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells
After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
However, failure of such a system...


