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関連する概念動画

Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Generating De Novo Antigen-specific Human T Cell Receptors by Retroviral Transduction of Centric Hemichain
08:48

Generating De Novo Antigen-specific Human T Cell Receptors by Retroviral Transduction of Centric Hemichain

Published on: October 25, 2016

変数のリンパ球受容体による抗原認識

Byung Woo Han1, Brantley R Herrin, Max D Cooper

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 27, 2008
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

のない脊椎動物は,適応免疫のために変性リンパ球受容体 (VLR) を利用する. 構造分析は,VLRがH抗原のような抗原を,特定の分子相互作用と変数領域を通じて認識する方法を明らかにします.

さらに関連する動画

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens
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Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens

Published on: February 6, 2017

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
08:04

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

Published on: July 9, 2014

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Generating De Novo Antigen-specific Human T Cell Receptors by Retroviral Transduction of Centric Hemichain
08:48

Generating De Novo Antigen-specific Human T Cell Receptors by Retroviral Transduction of Centric Hemichain

Published on: October 25, 2016

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens
09:53

Using X-ray Crystallography, Biophysics, and Functional Assays to Determine the Mechanisms Governing T-cell Receptor Recognition of Cancer Antigens

Published on: February 6, 2017

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
08:04

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

Published on: July 9, 2014

科学分野:

  • 免疫学 免疫学とは
  • 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー

背景:

  • のない脊椎動物は,抗体ではなく,可変リンパ球受容体 (VLRs) に依存するユニークな適応性免疫システムを持っています.
  • 抗原認識のためのVLRsの広大なレパートリーは,ルシン豊富なリピート (LRRs) の組み合わせ遺伝子セグメントアセンブリによって生成されます.

研究 の 目的:

  • VLR抗原複合体の高解像度結晶構造を決定する.
  • VLR媒介による抗原認識と特異性の基礎となる分子機構を解明する.

主な方法:

  • X線結晶学を用いて,VLR RBC36の構造をH抗原トリサカライドと複合的に決定した.
  • 構造分析は,抗原結合に起因する主要な残留物および相互作用を特定することに焦点を当てました.

主要な成果:

  • H抗原トリサカライドと複合したVLR RBC36の結晶構造は1.67アングストームの解像度で解明されました.
  • RBC36は,H-トリサッカリドをその凸のLRR表面に結合し,特定の水性残留物,ヴァン・デル・ワールスの相互作用,および変数C端のLRR挿入を含む.
  • この研究では,VLR構造内の抗原認識と特異性の主要な決定因子を特定しました.

結論:

  • 非常に変数のあるLRR領域と変数のある挿入によって形成されるVLRの凸した表面は,多様な抗原を認識するために重要である.
  • VLR-抗原相互作用に関する構造的洞察は,のない脊椎動物の適応免疫を理解するための分子基盤を提供します.