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流れ媒介の内皮依存の膨張の喪失は,動脈硬化症の発症の初期に発生する
J M McLenachan1, J K Williams, R D Fish
1Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
Circulation
|September 1, 1991
まとめ
初期の動脈硬化症は,重要な動脈狭窄の前に,内皮に依存する血管拡張を損なう. 猿でのこの研究は,アセチルコリンと血流への膨張の喪失を示し,動脈の早期の機能的変化を示しています.
科学分野:
- 心血管研究 循環器科の研究
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
- 動脈硬化症 病理生理学 病理生理学
背景:
- 健康な動脈は,アセチルコリンと血流に反応して膨張します.
- 冠動脈疾患は,動脈の膨張の喪失を伴う.
- 動脈硬化症の発達における内皮機能不全のタイミングは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 初期の動脈硬化症における内皮血管拡張機能の調査.
- 機能的異常が重要な動脈の変化に先行するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 高コレステロールの食事で11ヶ月間マカカ・ファシキュラリス猿を研究した.
- 定量的対比血管図を用いて,内皮に依存した血管拡張を in vivo で評価した.
- アセチルコリン,増加した血流 (アデノシン経由),およびニトログリセリンに対する反応を測定した.
主要な成果:
- 高コレステロールのダイエットは,血コレステロールを増加させ,ルミナルの狭窄なしに親密な厚みを引き起こしました.
- アセチルコリンは,対照群の拡張とは異なり,早期動脈硬化性動脈の収縮を引き起こしました.
- 動脈硬化性動脈は,血流が増加すると膨らむことができなかったが,対照群は膨らんだ.
- 両グループは,エンドセリウムに依存しない作用剤であるニトログリセリンに等しい膨張を示した.
結論:
- 内皮に依存する血管拡張は,動脈硬化症の発症の初期に失われます.
- 機能的喪失は,狭窄性または閉塞性疾患が明らかになる前に起こります.
- これは,早期の内皮機能不全が早期動脈硬化症の重要な特徴であることを示唆しています.
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