世界保健の誤った資金調達:支出と意思決定の透明性のためのケース
1Department of Politics and International Relations, Oxford University, UK. devi.sridhar@politics.ox.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|October 18, 2008
まとめ
世界保健資金の格差は存在し,世界銀行やビル&メリンダ・ゲイツ財団のような主要なドナーが資金を配分する方法には大きな違いがあります. 死者あたりの資金調達は,疾患によって大きく変化し,世界的な健康投資における資源の不平等な分配を強調した.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 健康経済学 医療経済学
- 国際開発国際開発
背景:
- 世界保健投資と金融の流れには大きなギャップがある.
- 資金配分パターンを理解することは,効果的な保健政策にとって極めて重要です.
- 主要なドナーは,世界保健の優先順位を決定する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
研究 の 目的:
- 2005年の4つの主要な世界保健ドナーである世界銀行,ビル・アンド・メリンダ・ゲイツ財団 (BMGF),米国政府,HIV/エイズ,結核,マラリア対策グローバル基金による資金配分パターンを分析する.
- 病気の種類によって,死亡者あたりの資金の格差を特定する.
- これらの主要なドナーの配給戦略を比較する.
主な方法:
- 4つの最大のドナーの年次報告書と予算からの情報を使用して,支払いのデータベースが作成されました.
- 分析は,2005年における資金配分パターンと死亡毎の資金調達指標に焦点を当てた.
- 地理的,組織的な受付者データを検証した.
主要な成果:
- 死亡者一人当たりの資金調達は,疾患によって大幅に変動し,HIV/AIDSの場合は1029.10米ドルから,非伝染性疾患の場合は3.21米ドルまででした.
- 世界銀行,米国政府,グローバルファンドは,主に98%以上の資金をサービス提供に向けました.
- BMGFは主に研究に資金を割り当て,助成金はしばしば先進国の機関に与えられ,米国政府とグローバルファンドはサハラ以南のアフリカに焦点を当てました.
結論:
- 2005年の主要なドナーによる世界的な保健資金配分は,疾患特有の投資と地理的焦点における大きな格差を明らかにした.
- データは,BMGFが研究を重視し,他のドナーはサービス提供を優先するなど,ドナーの優先順位の違いを強調した.
- 世界保健支出に関する不完全で標準化されていない公的データは,より良い説明責任と戦略的計画のための改善を必要とし,保健の優先順位を設定する国の所有権の必要性を強調しています.
関連する概念動画
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
International Nursing Organizations II
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System
Health Information Technology (HIT)
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model
The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
For example, a patient with a chronic illness...
For example, a patient with a chronic illness...
Nursing Ethical Principles II
Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's cancer...
