中国における慢性非伝染性疾患の出現
Gonghuan Yang1, Lingzhi Kong, Wenhua Zhao
1Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 22, 2008
まとめ
中国では,生活習慣の変化が加速しているため,慢性疾患の急速な増加に直面しています. この流行病学的シフトは,公衆衛生上の重大な課題を提示し,罹病率,死亡率,および医療費を増加させています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 健康政策 保健政策 保健政策
背景:
- 中国では,感染症から慢性疾患への流行病学的移行が急速に進んでいます.
- ダイエットの変化,運動の減少,高い喫煙率などのライフスタイルの要因は,この変化を加速しています.
- この移行は,予防可能な罹病率,死亡率,および医療費の上昇に重大なリスクをもたらします.
研究 の 目的:
- 中国における流行病学的移行の加速を分析する.
- 慢性疾患の流行に及ぼす行動変化の影響を強調する.
- 慢性疾患の管理における医療改革の課題について議論する.
主な方法:
- 中国における疫学的動向の分析.
- ダイエット,運動,喫煙を含む行動リスク要因の評価.
- 現在の公衆衛生上の課題と医療制度改革の見直し.
主要な成果:
- 高血圧を含む慢性疾患の有意な増加 (17700万人の成人).
- 高い喫煙率 (30300万人の成人,世界の喫煙者の1/3),被動喫煙者 (5億3000万人).
- 大人と子供の過体重と肥満の増加率は,食事と活動の変化に関連しています.
結論:
- 慢性疾患の急速な増加は,中国の医療システムにとって大きな課題となっています.
- 慢性疾患の増大する負担を軽減するために,緊急の予防戦略が必要である.
- ライフスタイルの要因に対処することは,将来の健康結果とコストを管理するために重要です.
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