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中国における負傷による死亡:認識されていない公衆衛生問題
1Centre for Injury Prevention and Control, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Lancet (London, England)
|October 22, 2008
まとめ
中国では,交通事故,自殺,溺死,転倒が大きな死亡率を引き起こしているため,負傷予防は重要な公衆衛生問題です. 効果的で低コストな措置は,負傷による死亡を減らすことができるが,改善された監視と政治的意志が必要である.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 怪我の予防 怪我の予防について
背景:
- 負傷は中国における主要な公衆衛生上の課題であり,全死亡の10%以上,生産的な寿命の失われた年数の30%以上に貢献しています.
- 負傷による死亡の主な原因は,交通事故,自殺,溺死,転倒であり,農村部や男性の人口が不均衡に影響を受けている.
- 自動車化が増加しているにもかかわらず,自殺率の大幅な減少により,全体的な負傷死亡率は減少しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 中国における負傷関連の死亡率と発症率による公衆衛生上の負担を強調する.
- 怪我による死亡の傾向を分析し,主な原因と人口格差を特定する.
- 費用対効果の高い予防戦略と必要な政策措置を提案する.
主な方法:
- 負傷による死亡率と発症率に関する全国データ分析.
- 交通事故による傷害や自殺を含む特定の種類の怪我の傾向を調べる.
- 怪我による死亡率に関連する人口統計的要因 (田舎と都市,男性と女性) の特定.
主要な成果:
- 交通事故の負傷,自殺,溺死,転倒は,すべての負傷による死亡の79%を占めています.
- 農村部での負傷死亡率は都市部での死亡率の2倍であり,男性の死亡率は女性の2倍である.
- 交通事故による死亡率が81%増加したにもかかわらず,全体的な負傷死亡率は17%減少した. 主に自殺率が57%減少したためです.
結論:
- 飲酒と運転に関する法律の施行,シートベルトとヘルメットの使用,農薬へのアクセスを制限し,水泳教育を促進するなど,低コストの予防措置を実施することで,怪我による死亡を大幅に減らすことができます.
- 中国は,怪我の監視を強化し,分野間の協力を促進し,制度的能力を構築し,怪我の予防投資のためのコミュニティと政治的支持を動員する必要があります.
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