2Dと3Dの順序付けの柱状液晶相は,スワローテール状の横鎖を持つボラアンフィフィルの束による
Marko Prehm1, Feng Liu, Xiangbing Zeng
1Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 22, 2008
まとめ
研究者らは,ユニークなボラアンフィフィルの2つの新しい液晶メソフェーズを発見しました. これらのフェーズは,並列バンドルに編成された棒状のユニットを特徴とし,自己組み立てに関する新しい洞察を提供します.
科学分野:
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 超分子化学 超分子化学
- 液晶は,液体クリスタルです.
背景:
- ポリフィリックボラアンフィフィルは,反対の端に異なる水性フィリルと水性ホビックセグメントを持つ分子です.
- 液晶 (LC) は,従来の液体と固体結晶の間の性質を示します.
- アンフィフィリック分子の自己組み立ては,複雑な秩序ある構造につながる可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 横に付着したスワローテール鎖を持つ新しいポリフィリックボラアンフィフィルのメソフェーズの行動を調査するために.
- 観察された液晶相内のユニークな構造的組織を特徴づける.
- 発見を,以前に報告された液晶相と比較するために.
主な方法:
- ポリフィリックボラアンフィフィルの合成と特徴付け.
- 偏光光学顕微鏡でメソフェーズ形成を観察する.
- 分子の構造的配置を決定するためのX線 difraktion.
- 熱転移を分析するための微分スキャニング熱計.
主要な成果:
- 2つの新しいメソフェーズが特定されました:縦に相関する六角形フェーズと,相関しない柱状六角形フェーズです.
- 重要な特徴は,棒状の分子単位が柱軸に平行して束に編成されていることです.
- これらの構造は,以前に文書化された液晶相と大きく異なる.
結論:
- 研究されたボラアンフィフィルは,新しい構造組織を持つユニークな液晶メソフェーズを形成します.
- 棒状の単体の並列結合は,液晶における独特の自己組み立てメカニズムを表しています.
- この発見は,アンフィフィリックな材料における構造-特性関係に関する理解を広げています.
関連する概念動画
01:30Micelles
Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...
01:26Membrane Fluidity
Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is a relatively...
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is a relatively...
01:23Membrane Fluidity
Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.Fatty acids tails of phospholipids can be either saturated or...
01:34Fluid Mosaic Model
The fluid mosaic model was first proposed as a visual representation of research observations. The model comprises the composition and dynamics of membranes and serves as a foundation for future membrane-related studies. The model depicts the structure of the plasma membrane with a variety of components, which include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. These integral molecules are loosely bound, defining the cell’s border and providing fluidity for optimal function.LipidsThe most...
01:19Fluid Mosaic Model
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...
02:22Structures of Solids
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...