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サステナビリティ・サイエンス:健康プログラム計画のための統合的アプローチ
Russell L Gruen1, Julian H Elliott, Monica L Nolan
1Department of Surgery, the Royal Melbourne Hospital and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 6, 2008
まとめ
持続可能な健康プログラムを開発するには,それを複雑なシステムとして見る必要があります. このアプローチは,プログラム,健康問題,およびステークホルダーを考慮し,特に低所得国における健康イニシアチブの計画と改善に役立ちます.
科学分野:
- 保健政策とシステム研究 保健政策とシステム研究
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- プログラム管理 プログラム管理
背景:
- プログラムの持続可能性は,健康と開発,特に低所得および中所得国において極めて重要です.
- 医療プログラムの持続可能性に関する研究と政策を前進させるために,証拠に基づいた運用枠組みが必要である.
- 既存の研究は,プログラムの持続可能性を理解し,測定するための統一されたアプローチを欠いている.
研究 の 目的:
- 保健プログラムの持続可能性に関する既存の文献を体系的にレビューする.
- プログラムの持続可能性を理解し改善するために,コンセンサス,証拠に基づいた運用枠組みを提案する.
- ケーススタディを通じて,提案されたフレームワークの有用性を実証する.
主な方法:
- 概念的枠組みの体系的な文献レビューと,保健プログラムの持続可能性に関する経験的研究.
- プログラムの持続可能性に関する複雑なシステム展望を開発するために,発見の合成.
- 提案されたフレームワークを現実世界の事例に適用する.
主要な成果:
- 持続可能な保健プログラムは,複雑なシステムとして概念化されています.
- これらのシステムは,プログラム,健康問題,および特定の文脈内の主要な利害関係者との間のダイナミックな相互作用を伴う.
- 提案された枠組みは,プログラムの持続可能性を分析し,強化するための新しいアプローチを提供します.
結論:
- 保健プログラムを複雑なシステムとして見ることは,持続可能性の計画のための堅実なモデルを提供します.
- このシステムアプローチは,プログラムの長寿に影響を与える多面的な要因のより深い理解を促進します.
- このフレームワークは,さまざまな環境で適用され,政策立案者や世界の保健の専門家にとって実用的な洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Dimensions of Health and Illness
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
Primary Healthcare Services
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Concepts of Health and Illness
Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...