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関連する概念動画

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate.
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration

A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
Mechanical Protein Functions01:58

Mechanical Protein Functions

Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force. 

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Single Cell Durotaxis Assay for Assessing Mechanical Control of Cellular Movement and Related Signaling Events
08:30

Single Cell Durotaxis Assay for Assessing Mechanical Control of Cellular Movement and Related Signaling Events

Published on: August 27, 2019

形態遺伝的細胞運動:モジュラーメカニカル特性からの多様性

Denise J Montell1

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Cell Dynamics, Rangos Building, Suite 450, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. dmontell@jhmi.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 6, 2008
PubMed
まとめ

動物の発達は,集団的な細胞移動に依存しています. 粘着性,収縮性,突起などの重要な性質は,結合すると,臓器形成のための多様な細胞配置を生成することができます.

科学分野:

  • 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
  • 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
  • バイオフィジックス 生物物理学

背景:

  • 動物の組織と臓器の発達は,集合的な細胞運動として知られる,調整された細胞運動に依存しています.
  • 皮質細胞層の幾何学,詰め込み,分類,再配置は,細胞-細胞結合と収縮性によって影響を受けます.
  • 活性細胞の運動性は,細胞の突起と細胞外マトリックスへの粘着によってさらにサポートされます.

研究 の 目的:

  • 基本的な細胞の機械的性質が,集団的な細胞運動の多様性にどのように寄与するかを探求する.
  • 細胞配列の形成における独立した細胞特性の組み合わせの可能性を調査する.
  • メタゾアの臓器発達中の形態遺伝的イベントのオーケストレーションの基礎を理解する.

主な方法:

  • この研究は主に理論的であり,細胞の行動を支配する原理に焦点を当てています.
  • 重要な細胞の機械的性質の相互作用を分析する:細胞-細胞結合,収縮性,細胞突起,細胞外マトリックス結合.
  • 研究は,これらの性質の組み合わせが,さまざまな細胞構造にどのようにつながるかを探求しています.

主要な成果:

  • 細胞-細胞結合と収縮性は,上皮細胞層の組織化の主要な原動力として特定されています.

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Single Cell Durotaxis Assay for Assessing Mechanical Control of Cellular Movement and Related Signaling Events
08:30

Single Cell Durotaxis Assay for Assessing Mechanical Control of Cellular Movement and Related Signaling Events

Published on: August 27, 2019

  • 細胞の突起と細胞外マトリックス粘着は,細胞の活性運動に寄与する.
  • これらの機械的性質の独立した調節は,組み合わせの利用を可能にします.

    • 結論:

    • 細胞の機械的性質の限られたセットは,組み合わせて使用すると,細胞の形状と配置の幅広いスペクトルを生成することができます.
    • これらの組み合わせは,メタゾアの臓器発達において観察される多様な形態遺伝的出来事をオーケストラ化するのに十分である.
    • これらの原理を理解することは,組織と臓器の形成を理解するために不可欠です.