硫酸性アフリカのシェルフ水の排毒は,ケモリトトロフの開花によって行われます
Gaute Lavik1, Torben Stührmann, Volker Brüchert
1Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
Nature
|December 17, 2008
まとめ
海洋バクテリアはアフリカのシェルフ水に毒をなくし,有害な硫化水素を無害な硫黄化合物に変換しました. この微生物によるプロセスは,重要なバッファーゾーンを作り,漁業を保護し,大陸棚の広範囲に広がり,見過ごされていた硫化物条件を明らかにしました.
科学分野:
- 海洋微生物生態学について
- バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー
- 海洋学 海洋学とは
背景:
- 沿岸水域は,世界の漁業にとって極めて重要ですが,栄養失調は酸素の枯渇と有毒な硫化水素を引き起こします.
- 硫化水素は,海洋生物と沿岸生態系に深刻な脅威をもたらしています.
研究 の 目的:
- アフリカのシェルフにある大規模な硫化水域の微生物による解毒を調査する.
- 硫化物の酸化に起因するバクテリアとメカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- 化学分析とステキオメトリックモデリング.
- 同位体インキュベーションと機能的な遺伝子配列解析.
- 16SリボソームRNAと光 in situハイブリッド化.
主要な成果:
- 咲いたバクテリアは,有毒な硫化物を7000km2の面積で koloidal 硫黄と硫酸塩に酸化した.
- ケモリソトロフィック細菌,主にガンマおよびエプシロンプロテオバクテリアは,解毒を触媒とした.
- これらのバクテリアは,有毒な地下水と酸素化された地表水の間の保護的なバッファーゾーンを形成しました.
結論:
- 大規模な微生物による硫化物の解毒がオープンオーシャンシステムで観察されました.
- バクテリアによる硫化物の消費量は過小評価されている可能性があり,硫化物の底水がより一般的であることを示唆しています.
- このプロセスは,盆地コミュニティと漁業に大きな影響を及ぼします.
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