喫煙と結腸直腸がん:メタ分析
Edoardo Botteri1, Simona Iodice, Vincenzo Bagnardi
1Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milano, Italy. edoardo.botteri@ieo.it
JAMA
|December 18, 2008
まとめ
喫煙は,結腸直腸がんの発生率と死亡率のリスクを大幅に増加させます. このメタ解析は,特に30年間の喫煙後に,投与量反応関係があることを確認しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 結腸直腸がんは,世界中でがんによる死亡の主な原因です.
- 喫煙と結腸直腸がんの関連性に関する以前の研究は,矛盾した結果を出していた.
研究 の 目的:
- 喫煙と結腸直腸がんとの関連を明確にするために.
- 観察研究のメタ分析を通じて,発生率と死亡率の両方のデータを分析する.
主な方法:
- 2008年5月まで,PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASEで包括的な文献検索が行われました.
- データ抽出とリスク評価は,3人の研究者によって独立して行われました.
- 発生率に関する106の研究と死亡率に関する17の研究がメタ解析に含まれていた.
主要な成果:
- 喫煙者の場合,結腸直腸癌の発生リスクは1.18増加 (95%CI, 1.11-1.25) 死亡リスクは1.25増加 (95%CI, 1.14-1.37) でした.
- 有意な用量反応関係が観察され,リスクはパック年数や毎日のタバコ消費量で増加しました.
- この関連は,喫煙の30年後に統計的に有意であり,直腸癌では結腸癌よりも強いものでした.
結論:
- 喫煙は結腸直腸がんの重要なリスク因子です.
- この発見は,結腸直腸がんの負担を減らすために禁煙の重要性を強調しています.
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