関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 27, 2026

14:22
Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation
Published on: April 11, 2014
二重プラチナ核から塩素の光除去:逆反応を回避する
Timothy R Cook1, Yogesh Surendranath, Daniel G Nocera
1Department of Chemistry, 6-355, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 20, 2008
まとめ
研究者はプラチナ化合物を合成し,光の誘発反応を研究した. プラチナ ((III,III) 化合物の可視光光分解により,プラチナ ((I,III) 化合物が効率的に生成され,新しいハロゲン除去経路が示されました.
科学分野:
- 無機化学 無機化学とは
- フォトケミストリー フォトケミストリー
- 協調化化学について
背景:
- プラチナ複合体は,触媒と材料科学において極めて重要です.
- 彼らの光化学的振る舞いを理解することは,新しいアプリケーションを開発するための鍵です.
- プラチナ化合物の同類のシリーズは,体系的な研究のためのプラットフォームを提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- プラチナ (II/III) 化合物の同類系を合成し,特徴づけること.
- これらのプラチナ複合体の光化学反応性を調査するために.
- ハロゲン除去を含む新しい光分解経路を探求する.
主な方法:
- プラチナ (II/III) 化合物の合成とtfepma リガンド.
- 可視光を用いた光分解実験.
- 量子効率の測定. 量子効率の測定. 量子効率の測定. 量子効率の測定. 量子効率の測定.
- 固体光解の研究. 固体光解の研究.
主要な成果:
- 3つの同類のプラチナ化合物:Pt(2)(I,I),Pt(2)(I,III,およびPt(2)(III,III) を調製する.
- 可視光によるPt(2)(III,III) の照射により,Pt(2)(I,III) が効率的に生成され,量子効率は ~38%でした.
- Pt(2)(III,III) の固体光解は,熱力学的に不利なハロゲン除去を示し,塩素ガスの進化をもたらした.
結論:
- プラチナ化合物の新しい同型系が成功裏に合成されました.
- プラチナの酸化状態の間の光化学的変換は,可視光を用いて達成されました.
- この研究は,化学的罠なしでプラチナ複合体からハロゲンを除去する最初の例を示しています.
関連する概念動画
Radical Substitution: Allylic Chlorination
Typically, when alkenes react with halogens at low temperatures, an addition reaction occurs. However, upon increasing the temperature or under reaction conditions that form radicals, providing a low but steady concentration of halogen radicals, allylic substitution reaction is favored. This is because allylic hydrogens are very reactive as the formed intermediate is resonance stabilized. For example, when propene is treated with chlorine in the gas phase at 400 °C, it undergoes allylic...
Elimination Reactions
A nucleophile can react with an alkyl halide to give the substitution product by displacing the halogen. Or it can function as a base to give the elimination product by deprotonation of the neighboring carbon to form an alkene. In an elimination reaction, the substrate loses two groups from adjacent carbons forming at least one π bond. The carbon attached to the halogen is called the α carbon, while the adjacent carbon is called the β carbon; hence, these reactions are called β elimination or...
Radical Substitution: Halogenation of Alkanes and Alkyl Substituents
In the presence of heat or light, alkanes react with molecular halogens to form alkyl halides by a substitution reaction called radical halogenation. This reaction has three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination, as seen in the radical chlorination of methane to produce methyl chloride.
In the initiation step of the reaction, the chlorine molecule undergoes homolytic cleavage in the presence of light or heat, forming two highly reactive chlorine radicals. Propagation occurs in two...
In the initiation step of the reaction, the chlorine molecule undergoes homolytic cleavage in the presence of light or heat, forming two highly reactive chlorine radicals. Propagation occurs in two...
Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process
Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is eliminated to generate the benzyne...
E1 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism
Here, in contrast to the E2 reaction mechanism, we delve into the aspects of the E1 reaction mechanism, which has two steps: rate-limiting loss of the leaving group and abstraction of the beta hydrogen by a weak base. Typically, the experimental proof for the E1 mechanism is via kinetic studies or isotope studies. While the former demonstrates the first-order kinetics—the dependence of the reaction solely on substrate concentration—the latter proves the abstraction of hydrogen only in the...
Carboxylic Acids to Acid Chlorides
Carboxylic acids react with SOCl2 or PCl5 to form acid chlorides. Amongst the carboxylic acid derivatives, acid chlorides are the most reactive and synthetically important derivatives. They are useful reagents for Friedel–Crafts acylation of some aromatic compounds.

