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大規模民営化とポスト共産主義時代の死亡率危機: 国境を越えた分析
David Stuckler1, Lawrence King, Martin McKee
1University of Cambridge, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Cambridge, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 20, 2009
まとめ
ポスト共産主義諸国の急速な大量民営化は,成人男性の死亡率を大幅に増加させた. しかし,高い社会資本は,この効果を緩和し,経済移行に対する政策的影響を示唆しました.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 経済学 経済学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
背景:
- 大人の死亡率は,1990年代初頭,欧州のポスト共産主義諸国において増加した.
- 各国と時間における死亡率の差異は未だに説明されていない.
- 以前の研究では,経済移行のペースと死亡率が関連していたが,特定の政策は評価されなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 大量民営化が成人死亡率に与える影響を実証的に評価する. 共産主義後の国における死亡率の違い.
- 大量民営化が成人死亡傾向の変動を説明するかどうかを調査する.
主な方法:
- 1989~2002年の労働年齢の男性 (15~59歳) の年齢標準化された死亡率の多変量縦線回帰分析.
- 大規模民営化は,クーポンやインサイダー・ギブ・アウェイを使用して,国営企業の急速な移転 (2年以内に≥25%) として定義されています.
- 価格自由化,貿易自由化,所得変化,初期条件,その他の混同因子について制御される.
主要な成果:
- 大規模民営化プログラムは,短期的な成人男性死亡率の12.8%の増加と関連していました.
- 民間化により,男性の失業率は56.3%増加した.
- 高い社会資本 (人口の≥45%が社会組織に所属している) は,民営化と死亡率の増加との関連を否定した.
結論:
- 急速な大量民営化は,ポスト共産主義の移行期における成人死亡率の傾向を決定する重要な要因であった.
- 民間化が死亡率に与える悪影響は,社会資本が高い国において減少した.
- この調査結果は,同様の経済移行政策を検討している国にとって重要である.
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