関連する実験動画
ギャップを埋める:貿易と健康のグローバルガバナンス
Kelley Lee1, Devi Sridhar, Mayur Patel
1Centre on Global Change and Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 27, 2009
まとめ
世界貿易機関 (WTO) と世界保健機関 (WHO) が主導する国際貿易と世界的な健康ガバナンスが,ますます相互に関連しています. この論文では,それらの関係と機関間の協力について考察する.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ガバナンス グローバル・ガバナンス
- 国際関係 国際関係
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
- 国際貿易法 国際貿易法
背景:
- 第二次世界大戦後に設立された世界貿易機関 (WTO) と世界保健機関 (WHO) は,歴史的に孤立して運営されてきた.
- 経済グローバリゼーションと相互接続された世界における健康の重要性の増大は,貿易と健康の領域間のより密接な協力を必要としています.
- 国際貿易と世界保健の領域は,様々な問題についてますます収束しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 国際貿易と世界保健のガバナンス構造の関係を分析する.
- 貿易と健康の交差点にある問題に対処する既存の機関の有効性を評価する.
- 世界貿易機関 (WTO) と世界保健機関 (WHO) が共通の課題について協力する能力を探求すること.
主な方法:
- 制度的任務と歴史的相互作用の質的分析.
- 政策文書と政府間協定のレビュー.
- 貿易と保健のガバナンスフレームワークの比較評価.
主要な成果:
- 歴史的な隔離にもかかわらず,世界貿易と保健の相互関係がますます強くなっているため,より大きな制度的な連携が求められます.
- 既存のガバナンスメカニズムは,WTOとWHOの間の協力を促進する上で,さまざまなレベルの有効性を示しています.
- 協力する能力は存在するが,多くの場合,制度的サイロと優先順位の違いによって妨げられる.
結論:
- 世界貿易機関 (WTO) と世界保健機関 (WHO) の強化された協力は,貿易と健康の結びつきにおける世界的な課題を効果的に管理するために極めて重要です.
- 共同ガバナンスと政策の一貫性を促進するために,制度的枠組みを強化する必要がある.
- 将来の取り組みは,相互に有益な成果を達成するために,貿易と健康政策の架け橋を構築することに焦点を当てるべきです.
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