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関連する概念動画

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into the...
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, high molecular...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

環膨張メタテシスポリメリゼーション:触媒に依存したポリメリゼーションプロファイル.

Yan Xia1, Andrew J Boydston, Yefeng Yao

  • 1Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 10, 2009
PubMed
まとめ

循環ルテニウム触媒を用いたリング膨張メタテシスポリメリゼーション (REMP) は,テザー長さに基づく異なるポリマー成長メカニズムを示しています. 触媒鎖の長さは,ポリメリゼーションが連鎖成長または段階的な成長に似ているかどうかを決定し,分子量の進化に影響を与えます.

さらに関連する動画

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
12:19

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Published on: November 29, 2018

Particles without a Box: Brush-first Synthesis of Photodegradable PEG Star Polymers under Ambient Conditions
06:56

Particles without a Box: Brush-first Synthesis of Photodegradable PEG Star Polymers under Ambient Conditions

Published on: October 10, 2013

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2026

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
12:19

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Published on: November 29, 2018

Particles without a Box: Brush-first Synthesis of Photodegradable PEG Star Polymers under Ambient Conditions
06:56

Particles without a Box: Brush-first Synthesis of Photodegradable PEG Star Polymers under Ambient Conditions

Published on: October 10, 2013

科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学のポリマー化学について
  • 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学とは

背景:

  • 環膨張メタテシスポリメリゼーション (REMP) は,サイクルポリマーを合成するための多用途な方法です.
  • 近年,循環ルテニウム触媒が登場し,REMPにおける新たな可能性を提供している.
  • ポリメリゼーションメカニズムに対する触媒構造の影響を理解することは,ポリマーの性質を制御するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 周期的なRu触媒によって媒介されるREMPの詳細なポリメリゼーションメカニズムを調査する.
  • 触媒のアーキテクチャ,特にテザーの長さが分子重量進化とポリマートポロジーにどのように影響するかを探求する.
  • REMPにおける最終的なポリマーの分子量に対する熱力学的制御を解明する.

主な方法:

  • 周期的なRu触媒の合成と特徴付け,帯の長さが異なる (5炭素対6炭素).
  • 多様な反応条件下でのポリメリゼーションの詳細な運動学的研究.
  • ICP-MS.のようなテクニックを使用して,ポリマーの分子量進化の分析.
  • 溶解状態のマジック・アングル・スピニング (13) C NMRスペクトロスコーピーを用いて,ポリマー鎖の末端とトポロジーの特徴付け.

主要な成果:

  • 2つの異なる分子量進化が観察されました: チェーン成長型の6炭素結合とステップ成長型の5炭素結合です.
  • 五炭素結合の触媒はすぐに放出され,伝播と競合し,段階的な成長行動につながった.
  • 最終的なポリマーの分子量は熱力学的に制御され,触媒構造にかかわらず大きなリングサイズ (60-120 kDa) に達しました.
  • 6炭素結合の触媒は周期性ポリマーへの組み込みが遅く,5炭素結合の触媒は最小の組み込みを示した.

結論:

  • 触媒鎖の長さは,REMPのメカニズムを大きく左右し,分子量増加に影響します.
  • 熱力学的均衡は,REMPにおけるサイクルポリマーの最終分子の重さを支配する.
  • REMPは,触媒構造に関係なく,鎖の末端が最小限のサイクルポリマーを生産し,プロセスの効率性を強調します.