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初期のジェスチャーの違いは,SESの格差を説明します. 学校に入学した時の子供の語彙の大きさ
Meredith L Rowe1, Susan Goldin-Meadow
1Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, 5848 South University Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. rowemer@uchicago.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 14, 2009
まとめ
高社会経済的地位 (SES) の家庭の子供たちが早期にジェスチャーを使用することは,後により大きな語彙を予測します. この発見は,SESに関連する語彙のギャップの早期言語発達と潜在的な介入についての洞察を提供し,SESに関連する語彙のギャップの潜在的な介入を提供します.
科学分野:
- 発達心理学の心理学について
- 言語学 言語学とは
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
背景:
- 低社会経済的地位 (SES) の家庭の子供たちは,高いSESの背景の仲間と比較して,学校に入学すると,しばしばより小さな語彙を発揮します.
- この語彙のギャップは,潜在的に長期的な影響を持つ重要な教育格差を表しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 子どもの語彙における社会経済的格差の早期コミュニケーションの前兆を特定する.
- SESに関連する語彙の違いを説明するために,初期のジェスチャー使用の役割を探求する.
主な方法:
- 様々なSESの背景を持つ50人の子どもたちが14ヶ月で両親と交流している様子をビデオに収録した.
- 54ヶ月の子供の語彙能力を評価した.
- 親と子供のジェスチャー使用と,その後の語彙の発達との関係を分析し,スピーチをコントロールしました.
主要な成果:
- 高SES家庭の子供は,親のジェスチャー使用によって仲介された,14ヶ月でジェスチャーの頻繁な使用を示しました.
- 14ヶ月の幼児のジェスチャーの使用は,54ヶ月の幼児のより大きな語彙を有意に予測しました.
- ジェスチャーの使用は,観察されたSESに関連する語彙の格差の重要な説明要因として浮上しました.
結論:
- 幼少期のジェスチャーは,語彙の発達に重要な,測定可能な前駆者です.
- 早期のジェスチャー使用を促進する介入は,言語習得における社会経済的格差を軽減するのに役立ちます.
- 早期のコミュニケーションの違いに対処することで,学校に入学する前に語彙のギャップを埋めるのに貢献することができます.
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