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Msx1とOsr2の敵対的な作用により,哺乳類の歯のパターンが1列に並ぶ
Zunyi Zhang1, Yu Lan, Yang Chai
1Center for Oral Biology and Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 3, 2009
まとめ
奇数スキップされた関連-2 (Osr2) 遺伝子が欠けているマウスは,拡張されたオドントジェニックフィールドのために余分な歯を発達させた. この研究では,脊椎動物の歯のパターン形成に不可欠なBmp4-Msx1経路が明らかになりました.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
背景:
- 哺乳類の歯は,多くの非哺乳類の脊椎動物に見られる複数の列の歯と異なり,単一列の歯で特徴付けられています.
- 繰り返しの歯の開始と哺乳類の歯の発達を単一列に制限する分子機構は,ほとんど不明のままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類における歯の開始とパターンを調節する分子メカニズムを調査する.
- 歯の発達と歯の構造を制御するトランスクリプション因子オードスキップ関連-2 (Osr2) の役割を特定する.
主な方法:
- 歯の発達におけるその機能を研究するために,Osr2遺伝子が欠けているノックアウトマウスを利用しました.
- 遺伝子発現パターンを分析し,特に歯の発達中の骨形態遺伝タンパク質4 (Bmp4) とMsx1に焦点を当てました.
- Osr2欠乏がオドントゲン領域と歯の開始に及ぼす影響を調査した.
主要な成果:
- Osr2が欠乏したマウスは,歯数が多く,歯茎にリンガルが発達し,オドントジェニックフィールドの拡大を示した.
- Osr2の発現は,言語から口腔へのグラデントに従っており,発達中の歯のメゼンキームにおけるオドントゲンシグナルBmp4の発現を制限しています.
- Osr2欠乏マウスにおけるオドントゲンフィールドの拡大は,Bmp4発現のフィードバックアクティベーターとして知られるMsx1に依存していた.
結論:
- Bmp4-Msx1シグナル伝達経路は,連続的な歯誘導に必要なメゼンキマ活性化の伝播に不可欠です.
- Osr2によるBmp4-Msx1経路の空間的調節は,脊椎動物の歯のパターン化のための分子機構を提供し,単行列の哺乳類の歯を説明します.
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