銅超酸化物中心における反応性のモデルとして,ギャラクトース酸化酵素を用いた
Kristi J Humphreys1, Liviu M Mirica, Yi Wang
1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 18, 2009
まとめ
ギャラクトース酸化酵素の活性度は,同位体効果を用いて研究された. コファクターから銅-スーパーオクソ中間体への水素原子の移転は,酸化半反応の速度決定因子である.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 酵素学 酵素学とは
- バイオ・オーガニック化学 バイオ・オーガニック化学
背景:
- ギャラクトース酸化酵素は,炭水化物の代謝に関与する単核銅酵素です.
- 酵素の触媒メカニズム,特に酸化半反応を理解することは,酵素機能の研究にとって極めて重要です.
- 以前の研究では様々なメカニズムが示唆されていたが,速度決定のステップについては,さらなる解明が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- ギャラクトース酸化酵素の酸化半反応の速度決定ステップを調査する.
- 基板と溶媒デウテリウムとO-18同位体効果を用いてメカニズムを調査する.
- 反応性のある銅-スーペロキソ中間物質の特徴を特定し,関連する酵素と比較する.
主な方法:
- 安定状態の運動測定は,O ((2)) 消費を用いて行われます.
- 1-O-メチル-アルファ-D-ガラクトピラノシドを砂糖基質として使用しています.
- 基板と溶媒のデウテリウム同位体効果と,k ((cat) /K ((m) ((O ((2)) へのO-18運動同位体効果の測定).
主要な成果:
- この反応には乒乓球メカニズムが確認された.
- 基質デウテリウム同位体 (32) の有意な効果は,k ((cat) /K ((m) ((S)) に対して観察された.
- 小さいデュテリウム同位体効果 (1.6-1.9) と k ((cat) /K ((m) ((O ((2)) 上でのO-18同位体効果 (1.0185) は,コファクターからCu ((II) -スーパーオクソ中間体への水素原子移転を速度決定として示した.
結論:
- 還元コファクタからCu(II) -スーペロキソ中間体への水素原子の移転は,酸化半反応の速度決定段階である.
- O-18イソトープ効果は,この酵素ファミリーの反応性スーパーオクソ種の証拠を提供します.
- ギャラクトース酸化酵素の還元性および酸化性半反応中の水素移転に根本的な違いがあります.
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