フォスファーで濃縮された炭素から作られた超電容器の非常に安定した性能
Denisa Hulicova-Jurcakova1, Alexander M Puziy, Olga I Poddubnaya
1The University of Queensland, ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, School of Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 4072 Queensland, Australia. d.jurcakova@uq.edu.au
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 26, 2009
まとめ
リンが豊富な炭素 (P-炭素) は,超電容器のエネルギー密度を向上させ,水域を超えた操作を可能にします.
科学分野:
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 電気化学 電気化学について
- エネルギー貯蔵 エネルギー貯蔵
背景:
- 超電容器は,エネルギーの貯蔵に不可欠です.
- エネルギー密度と運用電圧の向上は,重要な課題です.
- 水の電解は,従来の超電容器の電圧を制限する.
研究 の 目的:
- 超大容量器の性能を向上させるため,リンが豊富な微孔性炭素 (P-炭素) を開発する.
- 電気化学的特性に対するリン酸化ドーピングと微孔構造の影響を調査する.
- 水の分解可能性を上回るポテンシャルで安定したスーパーコンデンサの動作を達成するために.
主な方法:
- 炭素の前駆体である炭酸のリン酸 (H3PO4) 活性化によるP炭素の調製.
- 1M H2SO4電解液における電気化学的特徴.
- 構造と性能を相関させるため,インターセプトフリーマルチ線形回帰を用いた分析.
主要な成果:
- P-炭素は,著しく強化された超容量性能を示す.
- 安定した動作は,ポテンシャル > 1.23 V (水分解ポテンシャル) で達成されます.
- エネルギー密度は商業用炭素の5Wh/kgから16Wh/kgに増加した.
- リン含量と特定の微孔サイズ (0.65-0.83 nm) は,容量と強く相関しています.
結論:
- P-炭素は,高エネルギー密度の超コンデンサーへの実行可能な経路を提供します.
- 微孔構造の最適化とリン酸化ドーピングは,パフォーマンスに不可欠です.
- P-炭素は,超電容器がより高い電圧で動作することを可能にし,その応用可能性を拡大します.
関連する概念動画
01:10Energy Stored in Capacitors
A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
01:25MOS Capacitor
A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
01:26Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving
In 1749, Benjamin Franklin coined the word battery for a series of capacitors connected to store energy. Capacitors store electric potential energy that can be released over a short time. This property means capacitors have a wide range of applications.
Capacitor-discharge ignition is a type of ignition system commonly found in small engines where the energy released from a capacitor ignites an induction coil that, in turn, fires the spark plug.
To calculate the energy stored in a capacitor of...
Capacitor-discharge ignition is a type of ignition system commonly found in small engines where the energy released from a capacitor ignites an induction coil that, in turn, fires the spark plug.
To calculate the energy stored in a capacitor of...
01:12Energy Stored in a Capacitor
When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
01:15Capacitors
Capacitors play a crucial role in car radios, where they filter and store frequencies to ensure clear signal reception. Essentially serving as energy storage devices, capacitors store energy within their electric field and are composed of two parallel conducting plates separated by a dielectric.
When a voltage source is connected to a capacitor, positive and negative charges accumulate on the opposite plates. This accumulation generates a potential difference that equals the product of the...
When a voltage source is connected to a capacitor, positive and negative charges accumulate on the opposite plates. This accumulation generates a potential difference that equals the product of the...
01:18Capacitors and Capacitance
A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...