エンジニアリングされた微生物を使用して,バイオマスからメチルハリドの合成
Travis S Bayer1, Daniel M Widmaier, Karsten Temme
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, MC 2540, Room 408C, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 22, 2009
まとめ
研究者は,メチルハリドトランスファーゼ (MHT) 酵素を工業生産用に設計した. この進歩により,農業廃棄物からメチルハリドの持続可能な合成が可能になり,化学および燃料前駆体に対するよりグリーンな代替品を提供します.
科学分野:
- バイオテクノロジー バイオテクノロジー
- 合成生物学 合成生物学とは
- バイオカタリシス バイオカタリシス
背景:
- メチルハリドは,重要な産業用化学物質であり,燃料の前駆物質である.
- 生物による自然生産の収穫量は,工業的需要には低すぎます.
- メチルハリドトランスファーゼ (MHT) 酵素は,S-アデノシルメチオニン (SAM) からハリド化物へのメチル群移転を触媒化する.
研究 の 目的:
- 効率的な工業生産のために新しいメチルハリド移転酵素 (MHT) を特定し,設計する.
- 非食品農業用バイオマスを利用したメチルハリドの持続可能なバイオ生産プラットフォームを開発する.
主な方法:
- 89の推定MHT遺伝子を合成するための合成メタゲノミクスアプローチ.
- ハリド酸塩の生産率に関するEscherichia coliのMHT図書館のスクリーニング.
- 高活性MHTをSaccharomyces cerevisiaeで設計し,アクティノタレア・フェルメンタンスとの共培養を行う.
主要な成果:
- 合成されたMHT遺伝子の56%が塩化物,85%がブロミド,69%がヨウ素に活性化を示した.
- 酵母で設計されたMHTは,グルコースと砂糖から190mg/L-hの生産性を達成しました.
- 共同栽培を用いて未加工のリンゴセルロースバイオマス (スイッチグラス,トウモロコシストーバー,バガース,トウモロコシ) からメチルハリドの生産に成功しました.
結論:
- この研究は,工業的なメチルハリド生成のためのエンジニアリングされたMHT酵素の潜在能力を実証しています.
- シンビオティックなコカルチャーシステムは,多様な農業廃棄物流の利用を可能にします.
- このアプローチは,非食品バイオマスから貴重な化学物質を生産するための持続可能でスケーラブルな方法を提供します.
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