イーストのハイブリッドは,遺伝子発現の調節の進化についての洞察を提供します

Itay Tirosh¹, Sharon Reikhav, Avraham A Levy

¹Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 2, 2009

まとめ

遺伝子発現の変化は進化の原動力であり,シス調節要素は主に種の分岐を引き起こす. トランスレギュレーションは,環境への対応とハイブリッドの新奇性に影響を及ぼし,進化的変化の洞察を提供します.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
遺伝学遺伝学とは
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

新種のフェノタイプは遺伝子発現の変化から生じるが,その遺伝的基盤は完全に理解されていない.
トランス作用因子からシス調節変化を区別することは,遺伝子発現の進化を理解するために重要である.

研究の目的:

2つの酵母種とそのハイブリッドの間の遺伝子発現の分岐の遺伝的基礎を調査する.
種進化とハイブリッド化におけるシス作用とトランス作用の規制変化の役割を区別する.

主な方法:

2つの酵母種およびそのハイブリッドにおけるアレル特異表現の比較分析.
シス (遺伝子内在的) とトランス (外部要因) 調節配列の表現の相違への貢献の分析.

主要な成果:

種間の発現の相違は,主にシス調節要素の変化によって引き起こされる.
トランス作用因子の分岐は,環境反応と急速な遺伝子進化と相関しています.
ハイブリッド特異的な発現は,新しいシス・トランス相互作用や,環境感知に関連した変異したトランス調節によって生じる.

結論:

種間の差異の主要な原動力は,Cis-regulatoryの変化である.
トランス作用因子は,環境適応とハイブリッド遺伝子発現パターンにおいて重要な役割を果たします.
シス・トランス・レギュレーションの理解は,種の分岐とハイブリッド化ダイナミクスを理解するために不可欠です.

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