IL-21は慢性ウイルス感染症の制御に必要である
Heidi Elsaesser1, Karsten Sauer, David G Brooks
1Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 9, 2009
まとめ
インターリューキン-21 (IL-21) は,慢性感染症の際にCD4+T細胞の助けに不可欠です. このサイトカインは,CD8+T細胞の反応を維持し,そのデリレーションを防止し,ウイルスのクリアランスを促進します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
背景:
- 慢性感染症はCD4+およびCD8+T細胞機能を低下させ,ウイルスのクリアランスを阻害します.
- CD4+T細胞の助けは,慢性感染症中の持続的なCD8+T細胞応答に不可欠ですが,重要な要因は未特定のままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性ウイルス感染症中にCD8+T細胞応答を維持するCD4+T細胞によって提供される必須因子を特定する.
主な方法:
- 慢性ウイルス感染症のマウスモデルを利用した.
- CD4+T細胞を介在するインタールイキン-21 (IL-21) の役割を調査した.
主要な成果:
- IL-21がCD4+T細胞の重要な構成要素であることを実証しました.
- 強いCD4+T細胞活動にもかかわらず,IL-21シグナル伝達がない状態で,CD8+T細胞応答の深刻な障害が観察されました.
- CD8+T細胞は,生存,免疫の維持,および持続的な感染の解消のためにIL-21を必要としていることが示されました.
結論:
- IL-21は特にCD8+T細胞のエフェクター活性を維持する.
- CD4+T細胞の重要なメカニズムとして識別されたIL-21は,慢性ウイルス感染症の解決に役立ちます.
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